Abstract:

The Human Genome Projects (HGP) conclusion altered a number of disciplines, including biotechnology, genetics, medicine, and forensics. Key outcomes included personalised medicine, gene therapy, and enhanced DNA profiling. The HGP increased our knowledge of hereditary illnesses and shed light on human evolution. The privacy of genetic information and the ethical application of knowledge were raised. The management and analysis of genomic data require the use of bioinformatics. The future of genetics and biology will be shaped by the HGPs substantial effects on healthcare, innovation, and the economy. In vitro fertilisation and preimplantation genetic diagnosis are two reproductive technology developments made possible by the HGP. Also, it sparked the creation of focused treatments for genetic diseases, completely altering the range of patient treatment options. These advancements have led to a new era of precision medicine and personalised healthcare, in addition to improving patient outcomes.

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