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Türk Medeni Kanunu'na (TMK) göre fiil ehliyeti kişinin, hukuka uygun fiiller yapabilme ve hukuka aykırı fiillerden sorumlu tutulabilmesi ile ilgilidir. Ayırt etme gücüne sahip ve kısıtlı olmayan her ergin kişinin fiil ehliyeti vardır. Hukuk açısından tam bir eylem yeterliliği için kişinin ayırt etme gücü bulunması ve kısıtlı olmaması gerekir. Noterlikler, mahkemeler, tapu müdürlükleri ve benzeri kurumlar, hekimlerden, fiilin hukuki anlam ve sonuçlarını algılama yeteneği ile ilgili olarak rapor istemektedir. Bu raporun istenme nedenlerinden birisi de işlem yaptıracak kişinin 65 yaş ve üzerinde olması durumudur. Ülkemizde yaşlılar için fiil ve hukuki ehliyet ile ilgili istenilen raporların bir standardizasyonu olmadığı görülmektedir. Mevcut yasal düzenlemelere göre bu raporları tüm hekimlerin düzenleme yetkisi vardır. Ancak hangi durumlarda ileri değerlendirme yapılması gerektiği, bu değerlendirmeleri hangi uzmanlık dallarının yapması gerektiği açık değildir. Bu çalışmada, adli psikiyatri uygulamalarında geliştirilen Hukuki Ehliyet Değerlendirme Formunun (HEDEF) uygulanabilirliğinin saptanması amaçlanmaktadır. HEDEF formunun uygulanabilir olması, sonraki uygulamalarda standardın sağlanması ve yaygınlaştırılması açısından önemlidir. ESOGÜ Tıp Fakültesi Adli Tıp Anabilim Dalı'na hukuki ve fiili ehliyet raporu için müracaat eden tüm 65 yaş ve üzeri yaşlılar değerlendirildi. Hastaların tümüne iki farklı uygulayıcı tarafından HEDEF ve Mini Mental Test birlikte uygulandı. Formdan alınan sonuçlar, hasta hakkındaki nihai adli psikiyatrik değerlendirme ile karşılaştırıldı. HEDEF testi 12 puan ve üzerinde olan yaşlıların rutin adli psikiyarik değerIendirme ile uyumlu olarak hukuki ehliyetinin olduğu belirlendi. HEDEF testini iki farklı uygulayıcı yapmasına karşın sonuçların tutarlı ve anlamlı olduğu belirlendi. Testin uygulanabilir, güvenilir olduğu, adli psikiyatri uygulamalarında yaygınlaştırılabileceği düşünüldü.
According to the Turkish Civil Law (TMK), the real driving license relates to the capacity of the person to do legal acts and to be held responsible for illegal acts. Every person who has the ability to separate and has no limitation has a real driving license. The person must have the ability to distinguish and not be restricted for full action adequacy from a legal point of view. Notaries, tribunals, departments and similar institutions ask for reports from doctors, the ability to perceive the legal meaning and consequences of the fact. One of the reasons for requesting this report is that the person to be processed is 65 years old or older. There is no standardization of the required reports on the real and legal driving license for elderly people in our country. According to the current legal regulations, all doctors have the authority to regulate these reports. However, it is unclear in which circumstances it is necessary to make advanced assessments, which specialties should make these assessments. This study aims to determine the applicability of the Legal Driving License Assessment Form (HEDEF) developed in judicial psychiatric practices. The objective form is applicable, it is important for the provision and spread of the standard in subsequent applications. All 65-year-old and older people who have been appointed for the legal and real driving license report to the Faculty of Medicine of the ESOGU Medical Department were assessed. All of the patients were applied together by two different practitioners HEDEF and Mini Mental Test. The results from the form were compared with the final judicial psychiatric assessment of the patient. The goal test was determined that the elderly with 12 points and over had a legal driving license in accordance with the routine judicial psychiatric evaluation. Despite the two different practitioners performing the Goal Test, the results were consistent and meaningful. The test was thought to be practicable, reliable, and could be spread in judicial psychiatric practices.
According to the Turkish Civil Code, individual's capability to act is related to act in accordance with the law and to be held accountable for the acts that are contrary to the law. Every adult who has the power to distinguish and who is not restricted has an capability to act. In terms of law, individual must have the power to distinguish and should not be restricted for a complete action competence. Notary, courts, land registry offices and similar institutions request report on the ability of individual to perceive the legal meaning and consequences of the act from physician. One of the reasons in order to be requested this report is that the person who is going to act is 65 years of age or older. It is seen that there is no standard for the requested reports related to capacity to act and legal capacity for the elderly in our country. According to the current legal regulations, it is seen that all physicians have the authority to draw up these reports. However, it is not clear in which circumstances it is necessary to carry out further evaluation and which specialist branches should make these evaluations. In this study, it is aimed to determine the applicability of the Legal Capacity Assessment Form developed in forensic psychiatric practices. The applicability of this form is important in terms of ensuring standard in the following applications and dissemination of thes standard.In practice, the report on the legal capacity is still drawn up in our Forensic Medicine Department. No certain scale is used in routine practice. Physicians working in our department are trying to understand whether or not persons older than 65 years have legal capacity being made by forensic psychiatric examination. Informed consent is routinely applied to these patients. The research is planned in a 6 month period after approval of the ethics committee. All patients aged 65 years and over who apply to the ESOGÜ Faculty of Medicine Forensic Medicine Deartment for the report on legal capacity and capacity to act will be evaluated. Legal Capacity Assessment Form and mini mental test will be applied to all patients by two different practitioners. The results from the form were compared with the final forensic psychiatric evaluation of the patient. The elderly with a Legal Capacity Assessment Form score of 12 points or more were judged to have legal capacity in accordance with routine forensic psychiatric evalutiation. İt was determined that the results were consistent and meaningful even though the Legal Capacity Assessment Form was conducted by two different practioners. İt was thought that the test was feasible, reliable and could be extendedand forensic psychiatric practice.
Field : Sağlık Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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