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  Citation Number 2
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Psikolojik Dayanıklılık İçin Boylamsal Bir Ölçme Modeli: Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Uygulama
2020
Journal:  
Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Araştırmacıların, ilgilendikleri özelliklerin zaman içinde değişip değişmediği ve bireylerin içinde bulundukları koşullardan etkilenip etkilenmediği sorularına verecekleri cevaplar, araştırma sonucunda yaptıları çıkarımların geçerliği açısından oldukça önemlidir. Eğer bir özellik için alınan ölçümlerin zaman içinde değişmesi bekleniyorsa, kullanılan ölçme ve değerlendirme yönteminin bu değişkenliği yakalayabilmesi için uyumlu hale getirilmesi yani bir süreç olarak planlanması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma,  bu amaçla, yani zaman içerisinde değişim/gelişim gösteresi beklenen özelliklerin ölçülmesinde kullanılabilecek, boylamsal bir ölçme modeli önermektedir. Model, psikolojik dayanıklılık için geliştirilen boylamsal bir ölçme deseninin çalışıldığı bir uygulama üzerinden örneklendirmişti. Yaşanan zorlukların ölçme sürecine dâhil edildiği ve bireylerin sekiz hafta boyunca çevrimiçi olarak izlendiği boylamsal bir çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, haftalık ölçümler (tek tek) ve zaman serisi ölçümler (sekiz haftalık uygulama) karşılaştırılarak tartışılmıştır. Tek uygulamalar için ayrıca, Kısa Psikolojik Dayanıklılık ve Connor-Davidson Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi öğrencilerinden, gönüllü olan katılımcıların olduğu çalışma grubundan toplanan veriler göstermiştir ki, bireylerin psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri zaman içinde değişmekle birlikte, bu değişim yaşanan bir zorluk sonrası tepki örüntülerinde gözlenen farklılaşmadan kaynaklanabilmekteidr. Tek-seferlik ölçümler kullanıldığında gözlenmesi mümkün olmayan, ancak sekiz haftalık ölçümler üzerinden ayırma analizi ile çalışılan bu örüntüler göstermiştir ki, öğrenciler, kuramsal olarak da desteklenebilecek şekilde, yeterlik, savunmasızlık, dayanıklılık ve uyumsuzluk olarak adlandırılabilecek dört ayrı alt gruba ayrılmaktadırlar. Uygulamanın da örneklendirdiği gibi, boylamsal olarak tasarlanacak ölçme modelleri, tek seferlik uygulamaları ve ilgili ikincil değişkenleri de içerecek şekilde genişletilebilirler. Böylece, ölçmeye konu olan özelliklerin yapılarındaki dinamikliği gerğince yansıtabilecek ölçme sonuçları elde edilebilecektir. 

Keywords:

A scale measurement model for psychological resistance: an application to university students
2020
Author:  
Abstract:

The answers that the researchers will give to the questions whether the characteristics they are interested in are changing over time and whether individuals are affected by the circumstances in which they are in, are very important in terms of the validity of the findings they make in the study. If the measurements taken for a feature are expected to change over time, the method of measurement and evaluation used must be harmonised to capture this variation, i.e. planned as a process. This study suggests a long-term measurement model that can be used to measure the characteristics expected for this purpose, i.e. change/development show over time. The model was sampled through an application in which a longitudinal measurement pattern developed for psychological resistance was studied. The findings obtained from a long-term study in which the difficulties experienced were included in the measurement process and where individuals were monitored online for eight weeks were discussed by comparing weekly measurements (one-one) and time-series measurements (eight-week application). For single applications, the Short Psychological Resistance and Connor-Davidson Psychological Resistance Scores have also been used. Data collected from students of the University of Gazi Education, the study group of volunteers showed that while the levels of psychological resilience of individuals change over time, this change can be caused by the differentiation observed in post-reaction patterns. These samples, which are not observable when one-time measurements are used, but are studied through a distinctive analysis over eight-week measurements, showed that students are divided into four separate subgroups, which can also be theoretically supported, as well as qualifying, undefense, endurance, and incompatibility. As the application also suggests, the measurement models to be designed longitudinally can be expanded to include one-time applications and the relevant secondary variables. Thus, measurement results will be achieved that can reflect the dynamics in the structures of the characteristics subject to measurement.

Keywords:

A Longitudinal Assessment Design For Modeling College Students’ Psychological Resilience
2020
Author:  
Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to design and evaluate the usefulness of a longitudinal assessment design when measuring constructs that are expected to show variance over time. An eight-week design was formulated for measuring college students’ psychological resilience as a part of an on-going prospective longitudinal study investigating college students’ social-emotional experiences over the course of a semester. Application data include the 80 students’ eight weekly self-ratings from an on-line scale asking them about “How resilient do you feel?” (1 to 5) and “Are you experiencing any serious life events this week?” (0 or 1). For comparative purposes, the students have also been asked to respond to two additional (one-time only) resilience scales: the Brief Resilience Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Consistent with expectations, the measurements collected using the eight weekly self-rating scales have been found more useful in delineating whether or not and to what extent the construct of resilience operates differently for different students compared to the data collected from the scales applied just once. The findings provide an ample amount of support for the argument that measurements obtained using a longitudinal assessment design provide more in-depth information about the latent trait of interest than cross-sectional assessment designs. The results also show time to be able to be an important factor in tracking intra-person variances, which may in turn help diagnose potential group differences within the population. Researchers who are interested in measuring change or growth over time are highly recommended to build longitudinal assessment designs to help quantify intra-individual differences over time.

Keywords:

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Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi

Journal Type :   Ulusal

Metrics
Article : 532
Cite : 3.450
2023 Impact : 0.29
Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi