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Diyarbakır, Mezopotamya bölgesinde eski çağlardan itibaren varlığını sürdüren önemli şehirlerden birisidir. Kentin bu önemi ana yollar üzerinde yer almasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, daha ilk çağlardan itibaren Hurriler, Mitanniler, Asurlular, İskitler, Medler, Persler, Selevkoslar, Urartular ve Romalılar gibi kimi devletler bölgeyi ele geçirerek burada askeri, siyasi ve ekonomik bakımdan hâkimiyet tesis etmeye çalışmışlardır. Roma ve Bizans dönemlerinde eyalet merkezi olan Diyarbakır, İslâm devletleri döneminde de bu özelliğini sürdürmüştür. Özellikle Akkoyunlular zamanında uzun bir süre bu devletin merkezi olan şehir, 1515 yılında Osmanlı hâkimiyeti altına girdikten sonra da en önde gelen idari merkezlerden biri olmuştur. Şehrin geçmişinin çok eskilere dayanması ve stratejik konumda bulunması tarihin çeşitli dönemlerinde pek çok seyyahın bölgeyi ziyaret etmesine sebep olmuştur. Diyarbakır, 19. yüzyılda Osmanlı topraklarını çeşitli amaçlarla seyahat eden Buckingham, Ainsworth, Texier, Cuinet gibi kimi batılı gezginlerin de ilgisini çekmiştir. Bu seyyahlardan biri de Amerikalı misyoner olan Horatio Southgate’dir. O, 1830’lu yıllarda gerçekleştirdiği seyahati esnasında Diyarbakır’da da bulunmuş ve kentin fiziki, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik yapısına dair bazı izlenimlerini kayıt altına almıştır. Bu çalışma, onun New York’ta 1840 yılında yayımlanan “Narrative of a Tour Through Armenia, Kurdistan, Persia and Mesopotamia” adlı eserindeki gezi notlarından yola çıkarak kentin tarihinin aydınlatılmasına yönelik kimi katkılar yapmayı amaçlamaktadır
Diyarbakır is one of the most important cities in the region of Mezopotamia that has continued to exist since ancient times. This is due to the importance of the city being placed on the main roads. Therefore, from the early ages, some states, such as the Hurrians, the Mithanians, the Assurans, the Esquites, the Medlers, the Persians, the Selevcs, the Urarts and the Romans, have tried to establish a military, political and economic sovereignty here by occupying the region. During the Roman and Byzantine period, Diyarbakır, which was the state center, continued this feature during the Islamic states. The city, which was the center of this state for a long time, was one of the leading administrative centers after the Ottoman domination in 1515. The history of the city is very ancient and its strategic position has led many tourists to visit the region in various periods of history. Diyarbakır also attracted the interest of some western tourists, such as Buckingham, Ainsworth, Texier, Cuinet, who travelled the Ottoman territory for various purposes in the 19th century. One of these excursions is the American missionary Horatio Southgate. During his trip in the 1830s, he also visited Diyarbakır and recorded some impressions about the city's physical, socio-cultural and economic structure. This study aims to make some contributions to the illumination of the city’s history, based on his work “Narrative of a Tour Through Armenia, Kurdistan, Persia and Mesopotamia” published in New York in 1840.
Diyarbakır has been one of the most important towns that has maintained its existence since the ancient ages. The importance of the town stems from the fact that it lies on the main routes. Therefore, having had taken the region many states such as Hurris, Mitannis, Assrians, Scythians, Meds, Persians, Seleucids, Urartians and the Romans established their military, political and economic domination in the region. During the reign of the Byzantines and the Romans Diyarbakır having been the center of the province continued this characteristic during the Islamic states as well. Especially during the reign of Akkoyunlus Diyarbakır having been the center of that state for a long time had become one of the most leading administrative centers even after it fell under the rule of the Ottomans in 1515. The antiquity of the town dating back to the ancient times and being located on a strategic point caused a great number of travelers to have visited the region during the different periods of the history. Diyarbakır also drew the attention of some western travellers such as Buckingham, Ainsworth, Texier, Cuinet, etc. One of these travellers is the American missionary called Horatio Southgate. He had been in Diyarbakır in 1830’s and recorded some of his observations he made related to the physical, socio-cultural and economic structure of the town. This study aims to make some contributions to enlighten the history of the town using his travel accounts titled as “ Narrative of a Tour Through Armenia, Kurdistan, Persia and Mesopotamia” published in 1840 in New York
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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