Abstract:

Spain throughout history has hosted many civilizations. With its climate, geography, fresh water resources and vegetation, it is one of the most favorable places to live in the world. Therefore, many communities lived here. Especially, the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate was a very big chance for Spain. In the periods when the Islamic world was the most advanced civilization, the biggest philosophers and scientists of Europe raised in this geography. Scholars such as Ibn Rüşt and Ibn Meymun taught European students. While, the Kings in Europe are proud of the several thousand volumes of books in their libraries bragged, 400 thousand volumes of books existed in the library of the Andalusian Caliphate. The destroyed Muslim and Jews with the Reconquista took also the richness and the civilization of Spain. By contrast, Spain has found something new: Geographical discoveries and gold. After these events, Spain became one of the world's largest colonial empire, but in XIX and XX. Century, Spain lost power and withdraws to the Iberian peninsula Over time, Spain has become one of Europe's most powerless countries sicne their economy was based on primitive agriculture. In this process, the Kingdom, dictatorships, military coups and republics were established. In these processes Spain has seen continuous coups and coup attempts. In 1936, the army had rebelled once more against the legitimate Government. However this time the rebels were supported by the foreign powers. Imperialist States were the financiers of the bloody civil war occurred between 1936-1939

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