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İbn Âşûr’un et-Tahrîr ve et-Tenvîr Adlı Tefsirine göre Zâriyât Suresi’nde Sözdizimi Oluşturan Araçlar Metin ve Dilbilim Açısından Bir Araştırma
2022
Journal:  
Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

BMetin sözdizimi incelemeleri, bir metnin veya söylemin dilsel yapısının kapsamlı bir şekilde tanımlanabileceği, metinsel yapıların ve metinsel iletişim biçimlerinin dilbilim çerçevesinde incelendiği modern bir eğilimdir. Metinsel tutarlılık, modern çağda Arap dilbilimcilerinden büyük ilgi görmüştür. Metinsel tutarlılık, metin standartlarından biridir. Ve bir yandan metnin iç öğelerini, diğer yandan metin ve çevresindekini birbirine bağlamaya katkıda bulunan, biçimsel ve anlamsal ilişkiler veya araçlar anlamına gelir. Aynı zamanda şiir ve nesirde, bir metnin diğerinin yerini alamayacak şekilde tutarlı bir bütün olmasını sağlayan önemli bir özelliktir. Kur'an-ı Kerim, mucizevi bir kitaptır. Bu Kitab'ın mucizevi yönleri, bir araştırmacının bunları açıklayamayacağı veya bir grup araştırmacı tarafından tanıtılamayacak kadar büyüktür. Ve metinsel tutarlılık özelliği bu büyük kitabın sırlarından biridir. Metinsel tutarlılık, çok değerli bilim adamları tarafından vurgulanan en önemli metinsel kriterdir; çünkü metnin yapısıyla ilgili en önemli ölçüttür. Bu, bir metnin bölümleri ile dilbilgisel ve sözlüksel ilişkilere yansıyan sözel öğeleri arasındaki tutarlılıktır. Metinsel tutarlılık metnin bu bileşenlerini birbirine bağlayan dilsel araçlara bakar ve bu dilsel araçların kendisine sağladığı anlam örgüleri çerçevesinde yorumunu arar. Metnin yapısına katkıda bulunan ve onu diğer rastgele cümle gruplarından kesin çizgilerle ayıran sözel yapı ve biçimsel unsurlarla doğrudan alakalı bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırma, Tahir İbn Âşûr’a ait et-Tahrîr ve't-Tenvîr İsimli tefsir göz önünde bulundurularak zâriyât sûresinde mevcut olan metinsel tutarlılık araçlarını, geçmişin mirasını koruyup, modern dil teorilerinden ve verilerinden de yararlanmayı amaçlayarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma metin tabanlı bir yaklaşım takip etmiştir. Bu yaklaşım, betimleyici ve analitik bakış açısı gibi diğer yaklaşımların yardımıyla dilsel metne tutarlı bir bütün olarak bakan bir ele alış biçimidir. Ayrıca, Arapça metin teorisi yapısında bir yapı taşı olarak Kur'an-ı Kerim ile ilgili metinsel bir çalışma sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, betimleyici yaklaşım ve analitik yaklaşım gibi diğer yaklaşımların yardımıyla dilsel metne tutarlı bir bütün olarak bakan bir yaklaşım olan metne yönelik bir yaklaşım izlemiştir. Araştırmada, aşağıdakiler de dâhil olmak üzere bir dizi sonuca ulaşılmıştır: Sözdizimsel bağdaşıklık araçları, bir yandan metin yapısı, bağlaç ve bağdaşıklığın sağlanmasına katkı sağlarken, diğer yandan da sûrenin ana konusuna odaklanarak Zâriyat Suresi'ndeki anlamsal işlevin bütünleşmesine katkıda bulunmuştur. Bu araçlar şunları içerir: 1. Zamirler ism-i işaretler ve ism-i mevsuller vasıtasıyla yapılan referanslar en az kelimeyle en çok manayı ifade etmeyi sağlamanın yanı sıra cümleyi oluşturan öğelerin birbirleriyle olan bağlantılarını da sağlarlar. 2. Bu sure-i celîlede, kelime ve cümlelerin güçlü bir şekilde bağlanmasına katkıda bulunan bağlaçların kullanımı bağlama göre değişiklik arz etmektedir. Mesela İbrahim (A.S)'ın misafiri anlatılırken “fâ” atıf harfi olayların peşi sıra gelişini ve gerçekleşme hızını ifade etmek amacıyla kullanılmıştır. “vâv” atıf harfi ise geçmiş kavimlerden olan, durumu anlatılırken bazı kelime ve cümlelerin hazfedilmesinin bir aracı olarak kullanılırmıştır. 3. Kur'an-ı Kerim'in metinsel yapısına uymayan, dikkat çekmeye ve dinleyicinin dağılmasına yol açan uzatmanın önlenmesine katkı sağlayan Zariyat suresindeki isim, fiil, harf ve cümlenin silinmesine değinilmiştir Ayrıca okuyucuyu, her şeye kadir olan Allah'ın birliğini önceki ulusların başlarına gelen felaketleri ve yeniden dirilişin delillerini kavramaya odaklar. Bu araştırma, metne, özellikle Kur'an metnine kapsamlı bir bakış açısıyla bakan uygulamalı bir araştırma olarak kabul edilmektedir. Zira Kur'an'ın Kerim'in tamamı birbirini açıklayan tek bir metindir. Ve bu Yüce Kitabın başlangıcı sonuna, sonu da başlangıcına bağlıdır. Bu durum bize, açık anlamları, tutarlı kelimeleri ve tutarlı düşünceleri olan, öğeleri arasında uyumsuzluk olmayan tek bir cümlenin önünde olduğumuzu hissettirir. u araştırma, klasik Arap dil mirasından bize aktarılan bilgileri koruyarak, Zâriyât Suresi’ndeki sözdizimsel yapının, bu suredeki metinsel ve anlamsal tutarlılığı sağlayan araçlarını ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla, modern dil verileri ve teorilerinden yararlanmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, bu sûredeki sözdizimsel yapının: ihâle, atıf, hazf ve bu araçların metinsel süreçteki rolünü ortaya koymaktadır. Bu araştırma, başta Kur’ân metni olmak üzere metinleri kapsamlı bir şekilde inceleyen uygulamalı bir araştırma olarak kabul edilmektedir. Zira Kur’ân ayetleri birbirini açıklayan bütünsel bir metindir. Kur’ân’ın başı sonuyla, sonu başıyla, yani bütün ayetleri birbiriyle bağlantılıdır. Şöyle ki Kur’ân okurken okuyucu kendisini manaları anlaşılır, kelimeleri ve düşünceleri tutarlı, kendisini oluşturan unsurlar arasında çelişki olmayan tek parça bir metni okur gibi hisseder.

Keywords:

In the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
2022
Author:  
Abstract:

The vocabulary studies of the United Nations are a modern trend in which the linguistic structure of a text or speech can be comprehensively defined, the text structures and forms of text communication are studied within the framework of linguistics. Textular consistency has received great interest from Arab linguists in modern times. Text consistency is one of the text standards. And, on the one hand, it means formal and meaningful relationships or tools that contribute to the interconnection of the internal elements of the text, on the other hand, the text and the surrounding. It is also an important feature in poetry and gender that makes the one text a consistent whole so that it cannot replace the other. The Qur’an is a miraculous book. The miraculous aspects of this book are large enough for a researcher to not explain them or to not be introduced by a group of researcher. And the characteristic of text consistency is one of the secrets of this great book. Text consistency is the most important text criterion emphasized by highly valuable scientists, because it is the most important measurement related to the text structure. This is the consistency between the sections of a text and the verbal elements that reflect the linguistic and verbal relationships. Text consistency looks at the linguistic tools that connect these components of the text and searches for interpretation within the framework of the meaning organizations provided by these linguistic tools. It is directly related to the verbal structure and formal elements that contribute to the structure of the text and distinguish it from other random phrase groups by concrete lines. This research aims to reveal the textual consistency tools available in the Zariyat Sura, taking into account the eth-Tahrir and the-Tenvîr name interpretation of Tahir Ibn Ashur, with the aim of preserving the heritage of the past, and using the modern language theories and data. The research has followed a text-based approach. This approach is a form of approach, with the help of other approaches, such as an illustrative and analytical perspective, to the linguistic text as a consistent whole. It also aims to present a text study on the Quran-i Kerim as a structure in the Arabic text theory structure. The research, with the help of other approaches such as the illustrative approach and the analytical approach, followed a text-oriented approach, which is an approach to the linguistic text as a consistent whole. In the study, a series of conclusions have been reached, including the following: The instrumental interconnectivity, on the one hand, contributes to the provision of text structure, connection and interconnectivity, and on the other hand, focusing on the main subject of the surrender has contributed to the integration of the meaningful function in the surrender. These vehicles include: 1. The references made through the name-i signs and the name-i mevsules enable the most meaning to be expressed with a minimum of words, as well as the links of the elements that make the phrase with each other. 2nd In this sur-i cell, the use of links that contribute to the strong linking of words and sentences is changing according to the linking. For example, when the guest of Abraham (A.S) is described, the "fa" reference letter was used to express the successive arrival of events and the speed of occurrence. The word “wow” is used as a means of the pleasure of some words and phrases when described the situation, which is from the past people. and 3. The Qur’an is not in accordance with the text structure of the Qur’an, which contributes to the prevention of the extension that leads to the dissolution of the listener, the name, the fact, the letter, and the phrase in the Zariyat Sura are referred to in the removal of the readers, the unity of God, who is capable of everything, focuses on understanding the disasters that came to the head of the previous nations and the evidence of the resurrection. This research is considered to be a practical study of the text, especially the Qur’an text from a comprehensive perspective. The Qur’an is the only word that explains each other. And the beginning of this Great Book depends on the end, and the end also on the beginning. This situation makes us feel that we are in front of a single phrase with clear meanings, consistent words and consistent thoughts, which is not incompatible between the elements. U research aims to protect the information transmitted to us from the classical Arabic language heritage, to exploit the modern language data and theories in order to reveal the means of the wordless structure in the Zariyat Sura, which provide the text and meaning consistency in this Sura. The research shows the wordless structure in this verse: the gift, the reference, the hazf and the role of these tools in the text process. This research is considered to be a practical study that examines the texts, including the Qur’an text, thoroughly. The Qur’an is a full-fledged text that explains each other. The beginning of the Qur’an, the end of the Qur’an, the beginning of the Qur’an, the beginning of the Qur’an, the beginning of the Qur’an, the beginning of the Qur’an, the beginning of the Qur’an, the beginning of the Qur’an, the beginning of the Qur’an. Thus, when reading the Qur’an, the reader feels like he is reading a single piece of text that does not contradict between the elements that make him consistent with his words and thoughts.

Keywords:

The Means Of Cohesion In Sūrāt Al-dhāriyāt A Textual Syntactical Study In Light Of Tafsīr Al-tahrīr Wa'l-tanwīr By Ibn Ashur
2022
Author:  
Abstract:

Text syntax is a modern approach in linguistic studies that is concerned with the study of textual structures and forms of textual communication. Through this approach, the linguistic structure of a text or discourse can be described comprehensively. In the modern age, textual coherence has been an area of great interest to scholars of Arabic; as it is one of the important textual criteria. It refers to the formal and semantic relations or tools that contribute to linking the internal elements of a text on the one hand and the text and the surrounding environment on the other hand. It is also a prominent feature of the Arabic text; be it poetry or prose. Rather, it is a major prominent feature that makes the text coherent in its entirety where one sentence cannot replace another one. The Holy Qur’an is a miraculous book, and the aspects of its miraculousness are too great for a researcher or a group of researchers to explain. The textual coherence is one of the secrets of this great book. Cohesion is the most important textual criterion stressed by sterling scholars; as it is the most relevant criterion related to the structure of the text. It is that coherence between the parts of a text and its verbal elements reflected in grammatical and lexical relations. It looks into the linguistic means that connect those components of the text and searches for its interpretation. It is related to the verbal structure and formal elements that contribute to the structure of the text and distinguishes it from other random groups of sentences. This research aims to benefit from modern linguistic theories and literature while preserving the genuine Arabic heritage achievements we have inherited. It is an attempt to reveal the means of syntactic cohesion in Surat A-Dhariyat, in light of Tafsīr al-Tahrīr wa'l-Tanwīr by Ibn Ashur which led to this textual and semantic coherence in the noble Surah. It is also aimed at introducing Quran-oriented textual study as a contribution to the Arabic textual theory. The research adopted a text syntax approach that deals with the linguistic text as coherent discourse, in addition to using other approaches such as the descriptive approach and the analytical approach. The research reached a number of conclusions, including: The means of syntactic cohesion contributed to the cohesion of the text structure, conjunction and coherence on the one hand, and on the other hand, they contributed to unifying the semantic function in Surat Al-Dhariyat in focusing on the main topic of the surah. These means include: 1. The article reference, situational reference, through pronouns, demonstrative pronouns and relative pronouns; as they express the maximum amount of information with the minimum number of words. 2. Conjunction contributed to strongly linking vocabulary and sentences. The use of conjunctions varied according to the context. It used the “fa” (then) article when expressing the sequence and quick pace of events in the story of the guests of Abraham (May Allah be pleased with him), and the “waw” (and) article to conjugate the news of the previous nations. In addition, the conjunction was a reason for ellipsis. The existence of a conjunction article resulted in the deletion of some words or sentences, in a way that led to the reliable correlation of the text. 3. Ellipsis: The ellipsis of noun, verb, letter and sentence occurred in the noble surah. So, it contributed to attracting attention and preventing the prolongation that leads to the distraction of the recipient, which does not correspond to the textual structure of the Holy Qur’an, and makes the reader focused on proving the resurrection and the evidence of the oneness of God - the Almighty - and the fate of previous nations. This research is considered an applied piece of research that looks into texts; especially the Qur’anic text, comprehensively. The Qur’an in its entirety is one text whose parts explain each other; its beginning is linked to its end and its end is linked to its beginning; ie all its verses are linked to each other. As a result, we feel like it is a crystal clear sentence consisting of coherent words and conveying coherent ideas, without contradiction between its components.

Keywords:

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Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi

Field :   Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Ulusal

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Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi