Abstract:

Although there are many factors that determine the development process of cities, city plans are at the forefront of these factors as a mechanism that tries to manage these factors and as a field of science that predicts the future. Therefore, the examination of existing plans is an important tool that shows how much the principles of the planning discipline can be applied and how social, economic and cultural factors affect the planning discipline. In this context, the development process of Kocaeli province Izmit district was examined according to the plans made. Izmit district has been chosen as the study area since it is at the center of the entire development process of Kocaeli city with its geographical advantages. The aim of this study is to examine the planning process of Izmit district, which started in the 1930s, to determine the effects of these plans on the spatial transformation of the city and to examine the harmony of the plan hierarchy. In this context, the 1/1.000 scale implementation development plans for the years 1977, 1979 and 1984, which were approved in the past for the Izmit district, and the "Law on Establishing a District within the Boundaries of the Metropolitan Municipality and Amending Some Laws", which entered into force in 2008, and before the establishment of the Izmit municipality, the district 1/5.000 scale master and 1/1.000 scale master plans and current 1/25.000-1/5.000 scale master development plans and 1/1.000 scale implementation development plans of town municipalities located within the borders of (Kuruçeşme, Saraybahçe, Bekirpaşa, Alikahya, Akmeşe) examined. As a result, while the planning history of the Izmit district was revealed, the issue of whether the planning hierarchy, which is one of the basic principles of the city planning discipline, was followed was evaluated specifically for the Izmit district.

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