Özet:

The Dajajela are considered the most dangerous disease that invades the body of the Islamic nation, fritters its arm, and weakens its strength; because it destroys the proper approach that held to achieve this world and hereafter happiness. Truthfulness is a sign of truth and its people and lying is a sign of falsehood and its people. People of falsehood have many methods of deceiving and lying, especially in a religious environment. Some of these methods are accusing the other person of lying about religious matters to distract people from his belief and guidance, telling lies about religious matters on the tongue of a truthful person to mislead people from the truth he brought, and using lying in religion to obtain personal benefits. For ḥadīth scholars, lying is one of the dangerous meanings that cause the person who practice it to sink down in Hell, according to what was reported from Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It is because lying is a distortion of the facts and a change of the realities. Whoever is described by it in the scale of the science of al-Jarḥ wa’l-Ta‘dīl, it is not permissible to accept his news or invoke it, and his case must be made clear to people so that they may beware of him. On the other hand, the term “al-Dajjal” may have been used by some trustworthy narrators against other trustworthy narrators who are neither liars nor deceivers, but rather they were motivated by fanaticism, hostility or repulsion. This study came to clarify the intended meaning of the word “al-Dajjal” when it is used and whether it implies the linguistic or the idiomatic meaning according to the ḥadīth scholars. It also scrutinizes the intent of the one who said it and the implications of that in the scope of the Science of Criticism and Praise, which is the purpose of our study. This study also shows the modern Imams who used the term “al-Dajajela” (the Deceivers), defends the Imams who were unjustly described by it, and reveals the narrators who were rightly described by it so that people may beware of them. The method followed in the research is the descriptive analytical method because it is the closest to the content of the research. The study approached the following conclusions: The term “Dajjal or a Dajjal of the Dajajela” is used and is intended to lie in the Prophetic ḥadīth on the idiomatic truth, and it is suitable for the attributes of the great antichrist who appears previous to Day of Judgment, and he is claims what he hasn't liefully and counterfeitfully. The word “Dajjal” differs from the word “Dajjal” from “the Dajajela” in the descriptive rank, for in his saying “Dajjal from the Dajajela” is contempt in an exaggerated form. Like a liar and a confirmed liar. They are two ranks, the second more criticising than the first. This was not noted in the books of jarḥ and ta’dil. The term Dajjal may be used and is intended to be belittled, disgraced and insulted and it is not included in the scale of al-Jarḥ wa’l-Ta‘dīl because it is outside the subject of the Prophetic ḥadīth. Accusing Imam Ibn Isḥāq of dajal is one of the contradictions of peers, and the characterisations that occur between them are words that are not intended to be true, and this is evidenced by the retreat of Imam Malik from disputing and later honoring Ibn Isḥāq. Accusing Imam Abū Ḥanīfa of dajal has no value in the scale of al-Jarḥ wa’l-Ta‘dīl. Because the reasoning of the judgement by saying that his doctrine did not enter Medina, is not accreditted by the scholars of ḥadīth because it is an ambiguous critic (jarh) that is not based on evidence, and attributing this speech to one of the imams of the predecessors is not certain, or perhaps he is speaking in criticism of the doctrine of opinion that the Imam is upon, and this is also not accreditted in the jarh, or it is a matter of intolerance and prejudice, and Allah knows best. Imam Ibn Ḥibbān had the fullest share and the best part in exposing these dajajela, so for those who came after him he was a revealing and clarifying source and his book al-Majrūḥīn is an important source for tracking them. And so, the imams of every century must subject the judgements issued against the imams to criticize, so as not to criticise an imam unjustly, an imam that perhaps is an example and a reference for Muslims in a one of the sciences.

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