Özet:

Republican era municipalities inherited the Ottoman municipality experience. Political, economic, social and urbanization characteristics in Turkey caused varieties in the development of municipalities in different periods. This study examines the development of municipalities in Turkey during the Republican era in 7 periods within the framework of main axes determined with regard to historical continuity. Between 1923-1950, when urbanization was slow and a strict centralist approach prevailed, the enactment of Municipality Law and additional regulations and transition to multi-party system became prominent. The increase in the urbanization after 1950 brought municipalities’ problems and endeavors to find solutions up to the agenda. In the 1960s, there were limited efforts to improve municipalities. Although efforts in creating new models for municipalities gained momentum in the 1970s, most of these initiatives remained as drafts. In the period until 1980, problems caused by rapid urbanization got exacerbated with the inadequacy of reform attempts. After 1980, metropolitan municipalities were established and became widespread. However, no comprehensive municipality reform was made. This lack of reform affected municipalities and local services negatively in this period when rapid urbanization still continued. With the public administration reforms after 2002, municipalities were improved in political, administrative and economic senses as a result of a comprehensive approach. Metropolitan municipalities became the focus of the reform effort. After 2014, there has been a transition to metropolitan model at city level. The number of small-scale municipalities has been reduced.

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