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SSCB’nin dağılmasıyla, sınır anlaşmazlıkları ve etnik çatışmalar nedeniyle istikrarsızlaşan coğrafyalardan olan Orta Asya, önemli enerji rezervlerine sahiptir. Büyük güçlerin artan enerji ihtiyaçları ve bu ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için politikaları Orta Asya’nın zengin rezervlere sahip Hazar Bölgesi’nin stratejik öneminin artmasına neden olmaktadır. SSCB’nin kuruluşundan yıkılışına kadar kıyıdaş yalnızca iki devlet bulunması nedeniyle bölgedeki anlaşmazlıklar günümüze kıyasla daha kolay çözümlenebilmekteydi. Fakat SSCB’nin dağılmasıyla bağımsızlıklarını kazanan ve Hazar’da söz hakkı elde eden üç yeni ülkenin katılımıyla beş taraflı bir tablo ortaya çıkmıştır. Kırılgan ekonomilere sahip bu yeni ülkelerin gelirlerinin önemli kalemini oluşturan enerji, Hazar Bölgesi’ni vazgeçilmez kılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda enerji kaynaklarının ve Hazar yüzeyinin paylaşılmasında bölge ülkeleri arasındaki güç yarışına bölge ülkelerinin haricinde bölgede etkisini artırmak isteyen ve buradaki enerji kaynaklarından pay almak gayesinde olan AB, ABD, Çin gibi önemli aktörler de katılmaktadır. Doküman analizi yöntemiyle hazırlanan makale, bölge ülkelerinin yanında küresel aktörlerin dâhil olmasıyla ciddi bir rekabetin gerçekleştiği bölgenin dinamiklerini ve gelişmeleri açıklamayı hedeflemektedir.
With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Central Asia, one of the geographical areas that has become unstable due to border disputes and ethnic conflicts, has significant energy reserves. The increasing energy needs of the great powers and their policies to meet these needs lead to the increased strategic importance of the Hazar region with rich reserve in Central Asia. From the establishment to the collapse of the Soviet Union, due to the existence of only two coastal states, the disputes in the region were more easily resolved than today. But a five-sided picture emerged with the participation of three new countries who gained their independence with the dissolution of the Soviet Union and gained the right of speech in Hazar. The energy, which is the key pen of the income of these new countries with fragile economies, makes the Hazar region unnecessary. In this direction, important actors like the EU, the U.S. and China, who want to increase their influence in the region, except the countries of the region, are also involved in the power race between the regions in the sharing of energy resources and the Hazar surface. The paper, prepared by the method of document analysis, aims to explain the dynamics and developments of the region where a serious competition occurs with the inclusion of global actors alongside the countries of the region.
With the dissolution of the USSR, Central Asia which is one of the politically unstable geographies due to border disputes and ethnic conflicts, holds important energy reserves. The increasing energy needs of major powers and the policies that the major powers attempt to meet these needs bring about the strategic importance of the Caspian Region, which has rich reserves. In the period from the foundation of the Soviet Union to its collapse, the resolution of disputes in the region could be more easily than in the present, since there were only two riparian states. However, with the participation of three new countries, which gained their independence with the dissolution of the USSR, have gained rights in the Caspian and a five-sided image has emerged. Because of being an important component in their fragile economies, energy makes the Caspian Region indispensable for the new states. Accordingly, (in addition to regional actors) important actors such as the EU, the USA and China, who want to increase their influence and to share energy resources in the region, participate in the power race in order to share energy resources and water surface. In this regard, the article prepared by document analysis method aims to explain the dynamics and situation of the region where a serious competition takes place with the participation of global actors in addition to the countries in the region.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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