Özet:

Infertility is a disease with complex etiology resulting from genetic and epigenetic causes, which causes the fertility to be below normal limits in males. There is a strong association between infertility and the genetic structure of the sperm. Due to various internal and external causes, different levels of damage can occur in the sperm (deoxiribo nucleic acid) DNA structure. Infertile men have high sperm DNA damage. Various DNA damage repair mechanisms are joined in accordance with the type of damage that occurs in DNA and the completion of damage repair preserves the resulting genomic stability and can lead to cell survival. The causes of cell death, reduction in fertilization capacity, deterioration in the integrity of the sperm, infertility and mutations can occur due to the proliferation of damage causes and deficiencies in repair mechanisms. Many methods such as the single cell gel electrophoresis, tunnel, spermatozoa chromatin structure assay are used to measure spermatozoa DNA damage. In the light of existing data, although selecting quality of sperm are important in reproductive biotechnology and assisted reproductive techniques, evaluating sperm DNA damage is special importance in diagnosis and treatment of male infertility

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