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Arapçanın önemli özelliklerinden biri kuşkusuz îcâzdır (az lafızla çok anlam ifade etme). Arapların îcâzı sağladığı yöntemlerden biri de kesretü’l-isti‘mâl (kullanım sıklığı) gerekçesiyle hazif (kelimeden harf, cümleden kelime eksiltme) yoluna gitmeleridir. Arapçada hazif olgusuna gerek dini metinlerde gerekse cahiliye dönemi Arap şiiri ve atasözlerinde sıkça rastlanmaktadır. Arapçada hazfin farklı düzeyleri vardır. Bunlar; kelimeden harf, cümleden kelime ve metinden cümle hazfetmektir. Kelimeden harf hazfedilmesi iki şekilde yapılmaktadır. Birincisi kıyasi (kurallı), ikincisi şaz (kuralsız) haziftir. Kıyasi hazif, sarf (morfoloji) kurallarının gerektirdiği, belirli bir gerekçeye binaen yapılan kurallı haziftir. Şaz hazif ise sarf kurallarının gerektirmediği bilakis kelimenin çok kullanılması nedeniyle telaffuzda kolaylık, dilde hafiflik sağlamak için yapılan kuralsız haziftir. Bu hazif türü sadece Araplardan işitilen (semâ‘) kelimelerle sınırlıdır. Biz bu çalışmada Arapçada kesretü’l-isti‘mâl gerekçesiyle “رَأَى” fiilinden hemzenin kural dışı hazfedilmesi olgusunu, bunun gerekçelerini, alimlerin bu konudaki görüşlerini âyet-i kerîme, hadis-i şerîf, şiir ve atasözlerinden örnekler eşliğinde ele alıp inceleyeceğiz.
Undoubtedly, one of the important features of Arabic is îcâz (expressing much meaning with little word). One of the methods that is used by the Arabs to maintain is applying hazif (reduction of letter from word and word from sentence) on account of cretu'l-isti'mâl (frequent use). The concept of hazif in Arabic language is frequently encountered both in religious texts and in Arabic poetry and proverbs of the Age of Ignorance. There are different levels of hazif in Arabic. These are reduction of letter from word, word from sentence and sentence from text. Reduction of letter from word is made in two different ways. The first one is the righteous, and the second one is the righteous. A regular hazif, which is made on the basis of a specific justification required by the rules of sarf (morphology). Shaz hazif, on the other hand, is an irregular hazif which is not required by the rules of sarf and which is made to provide convenience in pronunciation and lightness in language due to the frequent use of the word. This type of hazif is limited to the semâ' words which can only be heard by Arabs. In this study, the concept of irregular reduction of hamza from the verb "Ra'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a'a
Undoubtedly, one of the important features of Arabic is îcâz (expressing much meaning with little word). One of the methods that is used by Arabs to maintain îcâz is applying hazif (reduction of letter from word and word from sentence) on account of kesretü’l-isti’mâl (frequent use). The concept of hazif in Arabic language is frequently encountered both in religious texts and in Arabic poetry and proverbs of the Age of Ignorance. There are different levels of hazif in Arabic. These are reduction of letter from word, word from sentence and sentence from text. Reduction of letter from word is made in two different ways. The first one is kıyasi (regular) and the second one is şaz (irregular). Kıyasi hazif is a regular hazif, which is made on the basis of a specific justification required by the rules of sarf (morphology). Şaz hazif, on the other hand, is an irregular hazif which is not required by the rules of sarf and which is made to provide convenience in pronunciation and lightness in language due to the frequent use of the word. This type of hazif is limited to the semâ‘ words which can only be heard by Arabs. In this study, the concept of irregular reduction of hamza from the verb “رَأَى” on the basis of kesretü’l-isti’mâl (frequent use) will be examained along with its reasons and the opinions of the scholars on this subject by dealing with samples from verses, hadiths, poems and proverbs.
Field : İlahiyat
Journal Type : Ulusal
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