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Vicdan, genelde felsefenin özelde ise ahlak felsefesinin her yüzyılda farklı yaklaşımlarla ele aldığı bir kavram olarak günümüz felsefe çalışmalarında da güncelliğini korumaktadır. Kişinin doğruya ve iyiye niyet etme ve bu değerler ışığında eyleme geçme kapasitesi olarak vicdanın soyut bir kavram olmaktan ziyade somut bir sistem olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Üzerine düşünülen veya düşünmeden anlık olarak gerçekleştirdiğimiz çoğu karar ve eylemimiz aslında vicdani sistem işleyişinin sonuçları olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma genel olarak vicdani sistemin nasıl bir mekanizma ile işlediğini, bu mekanizmayı oluşturan etmenleri, vicdani sistemin işleyişinde akıl, sezgi ve üst aklın gerektiği ve yetersiz kaldığı noktaları çeşitli felsefi yaklaşımlar ile irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Vicdani sistemi öncesi ve sonrası ile değerlendirmek bu sistemi sadece eylemden önce ortaya çıkan bir karar alma süreci olarak değil, eylemden sonra devam eden bir ahlaki sorgulama sistemi olarak görmeyi gerektirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, vicdani muhasebe ile işleyen bir vicdani sistem akıl ve duygulardan bağımsız bir mekanizma olmamakla birlikte insanı ruhsal bir tutsaklık ya da özgürlüğe götürecek hayati bir işleyiştir. Bu çalışma, vicdani sistemin tekli bir mekanizma ile değil, çoğulcu işleyiş ile insanın aklı ve duygularıyla bağlantılı olarak nasıl ortaya çıktığını felsefi yaklaşımlar bağlamında ele alırken, edebiyatın soyut kavramları somutlaştıran doğasından faydalanarak vicdani işleyişin insan hayatındaki bazı yansımalarına ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Consciousness, as a concept that philosophy, in particular, and ethical philosophy, treat with different approaches every century, retains its present in today’s philosophy studies. It should not be forgotten that the capacity of a person to intend right and good and to act in the light of these values is a concrete system rather than an abstract concept of consciousness. Most of our decisions and actions that we make instantly without thinking or thinking about it actually appear as the result of the functioning of the conscious system. In this context, this study aims to address the mechanism that the conscious system operates in general, the factors that make up this mechanism, the points that the mind, intuition and supreme mind need and lack in the functioning of the conscious system by various philosophical approaches. The assessment of the conscientious system before and after requires that this system be seen not only as a decision-making process that arises before action, but as a moral questioning system that continues after action. In this context, a conscious system that works with the accounting of consciousness is a vital process that will lead the person to a spiritual prison or freedom, although it is not a mechanism independent of mind and emotions. While this study deals with the philosophical approaches of how the system of consciousness arises in connection with the minds and emotions of man, not with a single mechanism, it aims to keep light on some reflections of the process of consciousness in the human life by taking advantage of the abstract nature of literature.
Conscience, a concept that has been dealt by philosophy, in general, and moral philosophy, in particular, in each century with different approaches keeps up-to-date in today’s philosophical studies. It should not be neglected that conscience is a concrete system rather than being an abstract concept as it is a capacity of a person to intend the right and the good, and to get into the action in the light of these values. Many of our decisions and actions that are thought on or carried out momentarily without thinking actually appear as the outcomes of the working of the system of conscience. In this respect, as a whole, this study aims to examine within various philosophical approaches what a kind of mechanism the system of conscience works with, the elements forming this mechanism, the points where reason, intuition and mastermind are required or fall behind. To assess the system of conscience with its pre and post requires to accept this system not only as a decision-making process before going into action but also a system of moral questioning that proceeds after the action. In this sense, besides the system of conscience operating with conscientious questioning is not a mechanism independent from reason and emotions, it is a vital operation that would lead people to confinement or freedom. This study, while dealing with how the system of conscience appears not within a monist mechanism but within multiple workings in relation to human reason and emotions–in terms of philosophical approaches–, it aims to illuminate the reflections of the system of conscience in human life by using the nature of literature that concretize the abstract concepts.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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