Özet:

One of the most important subjects of the Arabic poetry is Mersia. The information contained in the sources shows that in the Age of the Cahiliah, people burned a tree for the dead at the head of the tomb and reminded them of their beautiful characteristics. In the subsequent period, the same situation continued. But over time, along with the changes in social, political and cultural conditions, there have been partial innovations in the forms and purposes of speech. For example, in the process that began with the Emevian period and continued in the following centuries, the influence of political and religious factors was more felt. On the other hand, it has been seen that the poets are not only for the people they love, but for themselves, for the animals they own, and for the cities they live. In Arabic literature, the mercy for cities was famous and widespread during the Endulus period. But given that the poets of the Cahiliye period, especially in the first part of the case, burned the net for the lands where their lover left, it can be said that the tradition of telling to the cities of mercy is based on much older periods. On the other hand, the destruction of the cities due to many wars and internal disputes, including the mainly Mongol invasion during the Abbasian period, has led to the many poets to say mercy for these cities that have been destroyed. One of the cities damaged during this period is Baghdad, one of the most important cities of Islamic culture and civilization. Baghdad was occupied by the Mongols in 1258. As a result of this occupation, called the Nekbetu Baghdad/Baghdad catastrophe, many of the wealth that the city possesses in the material and spiritual sense have been destroyed. The Arabic poem of this event has been greatly influenced, and many poets who have not reacted to the events have spoken for Baghdad. This is one of the poems that we have seen in the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an, the Qur’an. 623/1226 is one of the leading writers, scientists and poets of the Shemseddin al-Kûfî period, born in the Qur’an. Because of the great influence of the poems of the catastrophe in Baghdad, he was given the title of Shâiru Nekbeti Baghdad (Baghdad Catastrophe Poet). When the poems are studied, it can be said that the marshals he said to his family members, friends, children of his friends, and to the city of Baghdad, which was destroyed by the Mongol invasion, are in the forefront. The poet, who uses the art related to the word as Cinas, Medic, and Raddu'l-acuz 'ala's-sadr intensely, in his mercy more emphasizes the dimension of the matter and uses the art related to the meaning skillfully. 27 Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say, Thou shalt say. A complaint was made in the Division of the Division of Division. Then, respectively, the influences of the Mongol occupation in Baghdad, the poet’s feelings against this event, with themes of desire for the beautiful days in Baghdad, the main subject of the case was revealed. In the Hâtime section, again from separation to the subject of complaint, a different interior was shown than in the traditional Arab poems. This magnificent plan, though it is in accordance with the spirit of the city's marshmallow species that reflects the catastrophe in a city, has also provided fluency. In the whole of the castle, the pronunciation is easy and the words that are preferred according to the rules of the speech, while the rules of the speech are observed. On the other hand, the poet preferred in the case mostly the reporting phrases in which the Baghdad catastrophe was translated to read with all reality. But in the sections where he feels the need to express his emotional intensity more spectacularly, he enriched his narrative with the words such as te'accub, implhâm, yemin, nidâ. He has often used his poem in his poems. In addition to this, one of the art is the art that is known in the art. As a result, in the framework of this city marshmallow that Shemseddin al-Kûfî said, the Mongol invasion has a memorable influence in Arab poetry and in these poems with a touchful style the historical facts are transmitted to the subsequent periods.

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