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  Citation Number 6
 Views 238
 Downloands 46
OSMANLI-ALMAN TİCARİ İLİŞKİLERİNİN NİTELİKSEL ANALİZİ: 1890 TİCARET ANLAŞMASININ ÖNCESİ VE SONRASI
2014
Journal:  
The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Bu araştırmada Türk-Alman ilişkilerinin ticari bakımdan gelişim süreci ve özellikle 1890 Ticaret Antlaşmasından sonraki ticaretin niteliksel analizi yapılacaktır. Türk-Alman ilişkileri, 19. Yüzyıl boyunca sürekli bir gelişim seyri takip etmiş ve özellikle ekonomik anlamda gelişen ilişkiler, 20. Yüzyılda diğer alanları da etkilemiştir. Bu anlamda 1890 Ticaret Antlaşması, Türk-Alman ilişkilerinde bir dönüm noktası olma özelliği taşır. 1840 ve 1862 yıllarında Zollverein’e bağlı Alman devletleriyle Osmanlı Devleti arasında ticaret anlaşmaları yapıldı ve 1880’den sonra Alman devletlerinden dolaylı yollarla kumaş, porselen eşya, oyuncak ve hırdavat ithal edildi. Pamuk, ipek, yün, deri ve mamulleri, halı gibi ürünler ise ihraç edilmekteydi. Alman sanayinin gelişmesi, ticaretin niteliğini de değiştirdi. 1885’ten sonra ise, Almanya, Balkanlar ve Yakın Doğu’ya yönelmek zorunda kaldı. Osmanlı Devleti ise 1878 Berlin Kongresi’nden sonra yarı sömürge ekonomi haline geldi ve Avrupa’da denge siyaseti gütme dönemine girdi. Yöneticiler, Avrupa ülkelerinin kendi aralarındaki çıkar çatışmaları ve değişen dış politikalarından dolayı, Almanya’ya yakınlık duymaya başladı. Bunun sonuncunda 1890’da Alman imparatorluğu ile Osmanlı Devleti arasında imzalanan ticaret anlaşması, eski anlaşmalarda Almanya lehine öngörülen imtiyazları tamamen içeriyordu. Böylece temelde ekonomik anlamda gelişen Türk-Alman ilişkileri, iki devlet arasında giderek daha geniş ölçekli bir ilişki ve işbirliğinin gelişmesine imkân tanıyordu. 20. Yüzyılın başında bu ilişkinin boyutu, iki devleti müttefik yapmıştı.

Keywords:

Qualitative Analysis Of Ottoman-german Commercial Affairs: Before and After The 1890 Trade Treaty
2014
Author:  
Abstract:

: In this research, an analysis of the development process of Ottoman-German relationships in terms of commerce, particularly the commerce in the aftermath of 1890 Commercial Treaty is to be analysed qualitatively. Turkish-German affairs followed a constant path of development during 19th century, and especially the development in economic affairs had an impact on relationships on the other fields, too. In this sense, 1890 Commercial Treaty is known to be the turning point for Turkish-German relationships. In 1840 and 1862 commercial treaties were signed between German States which were a part of Zollverein and Ottoman State, and fabric, porcelain goods, toys and ironmongery were imported from German states by indirect means. On the other hand, goods such as cotton, silk, leather and its products, carpet were being exported. The development of German industry also caused a change in the quality of trade. After 1885, Germany had to turn to Balkans and Near East. Ottoman Empire, however, became a half-colony economy after 1878 Berlin Congress, and went into a process of pursuing a balance policy in Europe. The administrators, owing to the conflict of interests among European countries themselves and their changing foreign policies began to sympathize with Germany. The 1890 commercial treaty signed between German Empire and Ottoman state as a consequence of these developments entirely covered the privileges in favour of Germany foreseen in the previous treaties. Thus, Turkish-German relations that basically progressed in economic terms gave way to a progressive development of wider scale relations and cooperation. The dimension of this relationship made the two states allies at the beginning of 20th century.

Keywords:

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The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

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The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies