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Anlatı, aktörlerin kendilerine ve başkalarına verdiği anlamlarla ilgili hikâye sistemleridir. Anlatılar her zaman savaşların bir parçası olmuştur. Ancak, anlatılar kısaca hikâye sistemleri olsalar da 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden bu yana değişen savaşlarda etki gücüne sahip yeni stratejik araçlar olmuşlardır. Çünkü anlatılar etki yaratırlar ve bazen toplumları değişmeye zorlarlar. Bunu yapabildikleri zaman da stratejik değeri olan araçlar olurlar. Ancak bunun gerçekleşmesi için iki temel koşul yerine getirilmelidir. Öncelikle, savaşlardaki anlatının parçalarını oluşturan hikayeler birbirleri ile tutarlı olmalıdır. Bunun yanı sıra insanların sadece anlatılan hikayelerin dinleyicileri değil, aynı zamanda aktif birer katılımcı olma isteklerine cevap verilmelidir. Bu açıdan, görülmektedir ki savaş ile anlatı arasındaki ilişki oldukça karmaşıktır. Bununla birlikte savaşlarda devletlerin yanı sıra terör örgütleri ve kalkışmacı gruplar gibi yeni aktörler öne çıkmaktadır. Bu yeni aktörler de devletler gibi kendilerine savaşlarda stratejik avantaj elde etme arayışındadır. Başka bir deyişle, anlatı, politik aktörlerin politik hedeflerine ulaşırken ihtiyaç duydukları stratejik avantajı elde etmeleri için bir kaynak haline gelmiştir. 2006'da ABD ordusunun Afganistan'daki komutanı General David Petraeus, basit, anlaşılır ancak yerel halkın sorularına cevap veren bir anlatı oluşturmayı amaçlamıştır. Bu sayede ABD’ye Afganistan’da stratejik, operasyonel ve taktik pozisyonlarda avantaj sağlamayı amaçlamıştır. Öte yandan Taliban, ABD ve diğer NATO güçlerine karşı kendi anlatılarıyla sahada etkin olmaya çalışmıştır. Bu nedenle Afganistan'daki savaş bir anlatı savaşı haline gelmiştir. Bu noktada Afganistan'daki savaşın tartışılması, anlatıya savaşlardaki değişen stratejik unsurlardan biri olarak bakılması açısından gereklidir. Çalışma kapsamında bu temel çerçeveden yola çıkılarak ABD’nin ve Taliban’ın anlatılarının güçlü ve zayıf yanları ele alınarak Afganistan’daki savaş kapsamında anlatının stratejik değeri gösterilecektir.
The story is the story systems about the meanings actors give to themselves and others. Stories have always been part of wars. However, even though stories are shortly story systems, they have become new strategic tools with influence in wars that have changed since the last quarter of the 20th century. Because stories create influence and sometimes force societies to change. When they are able to do this, they are strategic tools. However, two basic conditions must be fulfilled. First of all, the stories that make up parts of the story in wars must be consistent with each other. In addition, people should be answered not only to the listeners of the stories told, but also to the desires to be an active participant. From this point of view, it seems that the relationship between war and narrative is quite complicated. However, new actors are emerging in the wars, along with the states, as well as terrorist organizations and militant groups. These new actors are also seeking to gain strategic advantage in the wars, like the states. In other words, the story has become a source for political actors to obtain the strategic advantage they need when achieving their political goals. In 2006, the U.S. military commander in Afghanistan, General David Petraeus, intended to create a simple, understandable but answering the questions of the local people. The aim of the United States is to provide advantages in its strategic, operational and tactical positions in Afghanistan. On the other hand, the Taliban has tried to act on the field with their own stories against the US and other NATO forces. Therefore, the war in Afghanistan has become a story war. At this point, the discussion of the war in Afghanistan is necessary in terms of viewing the story as one of the changing strategic elements in wars. In the framework of the study, starting from this fundamental framework, the strong and weak aspects of the stories of the US and the Taliban will show the strategic value of the story in the context of the war in Afghanistan, addressing the strong and weak aspects of the stories of the US and the Taliban.
Narrative is story system about the meanings that actors give to themselves and others. However, the value of the narrative in the current wars has been strengthened. Although narratives are short story systems, they are the new strategic tools that have influence in the wars that have changed since the last quarter of the 20th century. Because narratives create effects on societies and sometimes force societies to change. When they do so, they become tools with strategic value. However, two basic conditions must be fulfilled for this to happen. First, the stories that consist of the narrative in the wars should be consistent with each other. In addition to this, people should not only be the listener of the stories told but also be an active participant of them. In this respect, it is seen that the relationship between war and narrative is quite complex. In the new wars, new actors such as terrorist organizations and insurgents stand out in addition to states. These new actors, like the states, seek to gain strategic advantage. In other words, the narrative becomes a resource for political actors to obtain the strategic advantage that they need to achieve their political goals. In 2006, General David Petraeus, the commander of the US military in Afghanistan, aimed to create a narrative that was simple, understandable, but answered the questions of the local people. In this way, he aimed to give the US an advantage in strategic, operational and tactical positions in Afghanistan. In this way, it aimed to give the US an advantage in strategic, operational and tactical positions in Afghanistan. On the other hand, the Taliban tried to be active in the field of operations with their own narratives against the US and other NATO forces. Therefore, the war in Afghanistan has become a narrative war. At this point, the discussion of the war in Afghanistan is necessary in terms of looking at the narrative as one of the changing strategic elements in wars. Within the scope of this study, the strong and weak aspects of USA and the Taliban narratives will be discussed and the strategic value of the narrative will be indicated in the Afghanistan war.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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