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25
Yaşadığımız yüzyılda yeni teknolojik değişimlerle birlikte, sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel ve siyasal alanlarda birçok değişim yaşanmaktadır. Bu noktada değişime adapte olan, bu sürece olumlu yaklaşan ve değişimi iyi yönetebilen siyasal aktörler siyasal alanda başarılı oldukları görülmektedir. İnternetin sağladığı etkileşim ve çoklu ortam özelliği, bütün enformasyonlarda olduğu gibi siyasal enformasyonun taşınmasında da “düzçizgisel ileti” akışından ve “hipermetinselliğe” doğru bir akış sağlamaktadır. Bu sayede siyasal konularla ilgili içerikler kolaylıkla yeniden üretilmekte, çoğaltılmakta, maliyetler düşmekte, iletişim hızı, teknolojik bütünleşme ve etkileşim daha da artmaktadır. Dolayısıyla hipermetinsellik özelliği interneti ve sosyal medyayı siyasal iletişimde (özellikle algı oluşturma) kullanılan ideal bir iletişim aracı haline getirmektedir. İnternet ve sosyal medya özellikle siyasetin bireyselleşmesinde, siyasal zihnin inşasında ve siyasal davranışların şekillenmesinde (gençler üzerinde) önemli bir bileşen olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çünkü siyasal içerikli bilgilere çevrimiçi ulaşım özellikle genç nüfus içinde giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu noktada yapılacak çalışmada üniversitede öğrenim gören Türk gençliğinin sosyal medyayı siyasal amaçlı kullanımlarını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma Türkiye’de 1975 yılından beri yüksek öğretim faaliyetini sürdüren ve Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin en büyük yüksek öğretim kurumlarından birisi olan İnönü Üniversitesi (14 Fakülte, 1’i Devlet Konservatuvarı olmak üzere 2 yüksekokulu, 4 meslek yüksekokulu, 6 enstitü, 1 teknokent, 24 araştırma ve uygulama merkeziyle yaklaşık 41000 öğrenciye eğitim ve öğretim hizmeti veren) öğrencileri ile sınırlı tutulmuştur. İnönü Üniversitesi öğrencilerinden toplanan veriler ise SPSS paket programı ile analiz edilmiş ve sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır. Yapılan alan araştırmasında ise gençlerin sosyal medyayı siyasal bilgi edinme, siyasal katılma, siyasal etki ve siyasal özgürlükleri bağlamında kullandıkları ve sosyal medyayı siyasal bilgi edinme amaçlı olarak kullanırken çok fazla güvenilir bulmadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır.
With new technological changes in the century we live, many changes are undergoing in the social, economic, cultural and political fields. The political actors who adapt to change at this point, who approach the process positively and are able to manage the change well, seem to be successful in the political field. The interaction and multi-media feature provided by the Internet, as in all information, also provides a direct flow from the "direct communication" stream and to the "hypermeticity" in the transfer of political information. Thus, the content related to political issues is easily re-produced, multiplied, costs decrease, the speed of communication, technological integration and interaction are increasing. Therefore, the hypermethensity feature makes the internet and social media an ideal communication tool used in political communication (especially perception creation). The internet and social media appear to us especially as an important component in the individualization of politics, in the construction of political mind and in the formation of political behaviors (on the youth). For the political content of information on the internet is increasingly spread, especially among the young people. In this point, the study is aimed at revealing the use of social media for political purposes of the Turkish youth studying at the university. Research in Turkey has been limited to the students of Inönü University, which has continued its higher education activity since 1975 and is one of the largest higher education institutions in the Eastern Anatolian Region (14 faculties, 1 state conservatory, including 2 high schools, 4 vocational high schools, 6 institutes, 1 technocent, 24 research and application centers and provides education and teaching services to approximately 41000 students). The data collected from the University of Inönü were analyzed with the SPSS package program and the results were interpreted. The research has found that young people use social media in the context of political knowledge, political participation, political influence and political freedoms, and that they do not find social media too reliable when they use it for political knowledge.
Many changes have taken place in social, economic, cultural and political fields along with the new technological changes in the present century. At this point, it is seen that the political actors who adapt to the change, approach this process positively and manage the change well are successful in the political field. The interaction and multimedia features provided by the Internet have also provided a flow from "linear transmission” to "hypertextuality" in the transport of political information as in all information. In this way, the contents related to political issues have been easily reproduced, costs have been reduced and communication speed, technological integration and interaction have increased. Therefore, the feature of hypertextiveness have made the internet and social media an ideal means of communication used in political communication (especially perception creation). The aim of this study is to reveal the use of social media for political purposes by Turkish youth studying at university. The study was designed as a quantitative study and the data were collected with the survey technique, which is frequently used in field researches. The research was limited to İnönü University students and the collected data were analyzed and interpreted with SPSS 15 package program. As a result of the field research, it was concluded that the students who participated in the research were mostly interested in political issues from the social media but the most trusted political information source for students was television. In addition, it was found out that young people mostly use social media for “acquiring political information”, "joining the political system”, "being influenced by political issues” and "giving themselves freedom in the political field” in the political context according to the results of the factor analysis. In addition, it was observed that there was no significant difference between age, type of education, income, class they studied and the factor of using social media for political information in the study.
Alan : Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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