Özet:

With the development of social media, the limited interaction of traditional media has left its passive structure, which provides one-way information flow and does not allow user participation, in place to new media tools that allow users to share their comments, content and personal opinions and experiences. Although social media applications bring many positive features with them, it can also be said to cause a number of social problems. The sharing of racist, gender, and violent statements by users in virtual and public environments, which are reversed through social media platforms, is also a major problem today. People can express their opinions and ideas much more hard, direct and targeted in order to interact, like or get more opposition on social media. This kind of speech, which is considered a hate speech, is considered a major threat to human rights. One of the areas where hate speech is often used is football. Some users use the language of violence through social media to produce hateful speeches against footballers or other elements of football. At the head of the victims of hate speech, the Turkish German footballer Mesut Özil comes. After Mesut Özil announced that he left the National Team after the 2018 World Cup in Russia due to racist statements against him, the content that users share on social media on the subject was examined by the method of speech analysis. The review found that Özil was exposed to many expressions that could be called a hate speech. This study is important in order to reveal the hate speeches about football on social media and to raise awareness of this topic in the football audience and in the football media.

Özet:

With the development of social media, the limited interaction of traditional media, the passive structure that provides one-way information flow and does not allow user participation, is replaced by new media tools that allow users to share their comments, the content they produce and their personal views and experiences. Although social media platforms bring many positive features, it can be said that they cause some social problems. The issue of sharing racist, sexist and violent discourses that are re-circulated through social media platforms in a virtual and public environment by users is an important problem nowadays. People can express their opinions and ideas in a much more rigid, direct and targeted way in order to get more interaction, likes or opposing views on social media. This kind of discourse, which is accepted as hate speech, is considered as an important threat to human rights. One of the most used areas of hate speech is football. Some users use hate speech through social media to produce hate speech about football players or other elements of football. The German of Turkish origin football player Mesut Özil is one of the leading football players who have been victimized by hate speech. After Mesut Özil announced that he left the national team because of the racist expressions against him after the World Cup held in Russia in 2018, the contents about this subject shared by the users on social media were examined with the discourse analysis method. This study is important for revealing hate speech related to football in social media and at least for creating awareness on football audience and football media.

Anahtar Kelimeler: