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CONVENTIO PIGNORIS VE REHİN HAKKININ IN REM NİTELİĞİ
2021
Journal:  
Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Roma hukukunda aynî teminat kavramının, rehin verene ait tek ve belirli bir malvarlığı değerinin alacaklıya teslimi ile kurulan rehinden rehin verene ait güncel ve gelecekteki malvarlığı değerlerinin salt şekilsiz bir anlaşma ile rehnedildiği teslimsiz rehne dönüşümü ekseninde incelenmesi mümkündür. Roma rehin hukukunun günümüze ışık tutan en belirgin özelliği rehnin teslimsiz olarak tarflar arasındaki şekilsiz bir anlaşma (conventio pignoris) ile kurulabilmesine imkan vermiş oluşudur. Bu dönüşüm meşruiyetini, ius praetorium’un işlem hayatı pratikleri ve dönemin ekonomik gereksinimlerini dikkate alarak hukuku şekillendirmesinde bulmaktadır. Conventio pignoris’e hukukî koruma tanınması, rehin hakkının bir aynî hak (ius in rem) olarak karşımıza çıkmasında da büyük önem taşımaktadır. Nitekim rehin hakkının gerektiğinde malike ya da malın bulunduğu üçüncü kişilere ileri sürülmesi imkanı ius praetorium tarafından tanınan koruma yöntemleri ile ortaya çıkmıştır. Özellikle interdictum Salvianum ve daha sonra interdictum Salvianum’un genişletilmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan actio Serviana sonucunda rehin hakkı sahibinin talep hakkını üçüncü kişilere yöneltebileceği kabul edilmiş rehinli alacaklı rehin konusu malı mal o anda kimin elinde ise ondan alarak borcun ödenmemesi durumunda alacağını elde edebilmiştir. Bu kapsamda söz konusu çalışma Roma hukukunda taraflar arasında kurulan şekilsiz rehin anlaşmasına (conventio pignoris), bu anlaşmanın zamanla hukuki koruma altına alınmasına ve bu hukuki korumaların rehin hakkının sınırlı aynî hak olarak tanınmasındaki rolüne odaklanmış olup, Roma rehin hukukundaki dönüşümün ve sebeplerinin altını çizmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords:

Conventio Pignoris and the REHIN'S REM REM
2021
Author:  
Abstract:

In the Roman law, the same concept of guarantee is possible to be studied in the asset of the unleverable refuge conversion where the current and future values of the refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge refuge ref The most obvious feature of the Roman reef law is that the reef could be established without submission through an unformed agreement (conventio pignoris) between the tribes. This transformation finds its legitimacy in the formation of law by ius praetorium taking into account the practices of the business life and the economic requirements of the period. The recognition of legal protection to Conventio pignoris is also of great importance in the appearance of the right of the refuge as an equal right (ius in rem). In fact, the possibility of the right of the kidnapping to be extended to third parties where the property is possessed when necessary has arisen by the methods of protection recognized by ius praetorium. In particular, the result of the expansion of interdictum Salvianum and later interdictum Salvianum, actio Serviana was deemed that the right to claim may be directed to third parties; the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim of the right to claim. In this context, the study focuses on the conventio pignoris (conventio pignoris) established between the parties in the Roman law, the role of this agreement to be subject to legal protection over time and the recognition of the right of the refuge as a limited equal right, and aims to undermine the transformation and causes of the Roman law of the refuge.

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2021
Author:  
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Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi

Field :   Hukuk

Journal Type :   Ulusal

Metrics
Article : 335
Cite : 1.450
Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi