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Sabri F. Ülgener (1911-1983), Türk düşünce tarihinde iktisat biliminden yola çıkıp Osmanlı-Türk tarihi çerçevesinde zihniyet unsuru üzerinden kültür ve din sosyolojisi çalışmalarına yönelmiş sıra dışı aydınlardan biri olarak göze çarpar. Ülgener’i Türk düşüncesinde öne çıkaran husus, Alman düşünürler Werner Sombart ve Max Weber’in kapitalizm, zihniyet ve din arasında kurdukları bağdan esinlenerek Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun neden kapitalistleşemediği sorusunun peşine düşmüştür. Bu doğrultuda İmparatorluğun güçlü olduğu klasik devrini, Batı’da ise kapitalizmin belirmeye başladığı Ortaçağ’ın sonlarını tarihsel bir zemin olarak almış, iktisat ahlâkı ve zihniyeti unsurları üzerinden söz konusu sorusunu cevaplamaya çalışmıştır. Ülgener bu sorusunu cevaplamaya çalışırken hem Ortaçağ Osmanlı toplumunun iktisadi ahlakını ve zihniyetinin bir tahlilini yapmış hem de bir yerde din sosyoloji incelemesinde bulunmuştur. Bu makalede, öncelikle kısaca bir düşünür olarak Sabri F. Ülgener’in portresi çizilmeye çalışılmış, ardından düşünce dünyasından ve onu besleyen kaynaklardan yola çıkarak “Osmanlı İmparatorluğu neden kapitalistleşemedi?” sorusunun peşinde İmparatorluğun toplumsal ve ekonomik yapısını ele alış biçiminin bir tahlilinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
Sabri F. Ülgener (1911-1983), in the Turkish thought history, emerged from the economics science and appeared as one of the unusual brilliants directed to the work of culture and religious sociology through the element of mentality in the Ottoman-Turkish history framework. The point that highlighted Ulgener in the Turkish thought, the German thinkers Werner Sombart and Max Weber, inspired by the link they established between capitalism, mindset and religion, sought the question why the Ottoman Empire could not capitalize. In this direction, he took the classic era in which the empire was strong, and the ends of the Middle Ages in which capitalism began to appear in the West as a historical ground, and tried to answer the question through the elements of economic morality and mentality. While Ullgener tried to answer this question, he made an assessment of the economic morality and mentality of the Middle Ages Ottoman society and found it somewhere in the study of religion sociology. In this article, the portrait of Sabri F. Ülgener was first tried to be drawn shortly as a thinker, then starting from the world of thought and the sources that feed him, "Why did the Ottoman Empire not become capitalist?" The aim of the question is to make an assessment of the way the empire deals with the social and economic structure.
Sabri F. Ülgener (1911– 1983) was among the foremost intellectuals in the history of Turkish thought. He focused on the study of culture and the sociology of religion, building on his achievements in his first field of study, economics, and investigating the question of mentality in Ottoman-Turkish history. Ülgener is distinguished from others in Turkish thought for his pursuit of the question why the Ottoman Empire did not become capitalist, inspired by the relationship that the German thinkers Werner Sombart and Max Weber proposed between capitalism, the mentality of a society, and religion. Ülgener took the period at which the empire reached the pinnacle of its power, while capitalism began appearing in the West as the historical moment of this study. He addressed the question both in terms of economic mores and overall social mentality. While Ülgener worked on this question, he also developed an analysis of both the economic morality and mentality of Medieval Ottoman society and a sociology of religion. In this study, after drawing Ülgener’s portrait as a thinker, we present and analyze the way that Ülgener discussed the Ottoman Empire’s social and economic structure in pursuing the question of why the Ottoman Empire did not become capitalist, based on his world of thought and its sources.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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