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  Citation Number 2
 Views 49
 Downloands 11
YÜKSELEN EKONOMİLERDE YENİLİĞİN GELİR DAĞILIMI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
2020
Journal:  
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Gelir dağılımı ve gelir dağılımının iyileştirilmesi konusu iktisat politikasının önde gelen çalışma alanlarından olup önemi devamlı artmaktadır. Gelir dağılımını belirleyen değişkenler arasında demografik faktörler, işsizlik, nüfus, üretim, küreselleşme ve piyasa yapısının yanı sıra teknolojik gelişme düzeyi de bulunmaktadır. Teknolojik gelişme düzeyinin yetersiz olduğu ülkelerde gelir dağılımında adaleti sağlamak zorlaşmaktadır. Ülkeler teknolojik gelişmeye önem vererek nitelikli işgücü verimliliğini arttırmayı ve dolayısıyla üretimde verimliliği sağlamayı hedeflemektedirler. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı 23 yükselen ekonomi için yeniliğin gelir eşitsizliğine etkisini incelemektir. Gelir eşitsizliği, literatürdeki çalışmalarda yer alan modellerden yararlanılarak kişi başı GSYH, nüfus, işsizlik, işgücü ve yenilik göstergelerinin fonksiyonu olarak tanımlanmıştır. Literatürle uyumlu bir şekilde, gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğinin göstergesi olarak Gini endeksi kullanılırken patent başvuru sayıları, Araştırma ve Geliştirme (Ar-Ge) çalışan sayısı ve Ar-Ge harcamalarının GSYH’ye oranı da yenilik göstergesi olarak kullanılmıştır. 1995-2017 dönemini kapsayan değişkenler Dünya Bankasının Dünya Gelişmişlik Göstergeleri’nden alınmıştır. Çalışmada panel tobit modeli tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerin sonuçlarına göre yerleşik olmayanların yaptığı patent başvuruları gelir eşitsizliğini bozarken, yerleşiklerin patent başvuruları gelir eşitsizliğini iyileştirmektedir. Ar-Ge çalışan sayılarının gelir dağılımını düzeltici etkisi bulunurken, Ar-Ge harcamalarının GSYH içindeki payında bulunan artışın gelir dağılımını bozduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords:

The impact of the growth of the economy on the growth of the income
2020
Author:  
Abstract:

Improving the income distribution and the income distribution are one of the main areas of economic policy and the importance of it is increasing. The variables that determine the income distribution include demographic factors, unemployment, population, production, globalization and market structure as well as the level of technological development. In countries where the level of technological development is insufficient, it is difficult to ensure justice in the income distribution. The countries aim to increase the efficiency of the qualified labour force by focusing on technological development and thus to ensure efficiency in production. The main objective of this study is to study the impact of innovation on income inequality for the 23 rising economies. Income inequality is defined as a function of GDP per person, population, unemployment, labour and innovation indicators, using the models included in literature studies. In accordance with literature, the Gini Index was used as an indicator of incomparability in income distribution, while the number of patent applications, the number of Research and Development (R&D) employees and the ratio of R&D spending to GDP were also used as an indicator of innovation. The variables covering the period 1995-2017 were taken from the World Bank’s World Development Index. In the study, the panel tobit model was preferred. According to the results of the analyses, the patent applications made by non-located persons disrupt income inequality, while the patent applications by non-located persons improves income inequality. While the number of R&D employees has a corrective effect on the income distribution, the increase in the share of R&D spending in GDP has been found to disrupt the income distribution.

Keywords:

The Effect Of Innovation On Income Distribution In Emerging Countries
2020
Author:  
Abstract:

Income distribution and improving income distribution is one of the leading issues of economic policy and its importance is constantly rising. The variables determining the income distribution include not only demographic factors, unemployment, population, production, globalization and market structure, but also the level of technological development. It becomes difficult to ensure fairness in income distribution in the countries where the level of technological development is inadequate. By paying attention to technological development, countries aim to increase the efficiency of qualified/skilled labor force and so ensure the efficiency in production. The main purpose of the study is to examine the impact of innovation on income inequality for 23 emerging countries. Income inequality is defined as the function of GDP per capita, population, unemployment, labor force and innovation indicators by using the models that exist in the literature. In accordance with the literature, the Gini index is used as an indicator of income inequality while the number of patent applications, the number of research and development (R&D) employees, and the ratio of R&D expenditures to GDP are used as an indicator of innovation. Variables covering the period 1995-2017 are taken from the World Bank World Development Indicators. The Panel Tobit Method is preferred in the study. According to the results of the analyzes, the patent applications of non-residents distort income inequality, whereas the patent applications of residents improve income inequality. While the number of R&D employees has a corrective effect on income distribution, the increase in the share of R&D expenditures in GDP is found to disrupt the income distribution.

Keywords:

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Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi

Field :   Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

Metrics
Article : 707
Cite : 3.888
2023 Impact : 0.389
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi