Bu çalışmada, “kara elmas” olarak tabir edilen kömürün, Endüstri Devrimi’ndeki etkisi ve dünya ekonomisinde hegemon güç haline gelen İngiltere’de meydana getirdiği değişimlerdeki rolü incelenmiştir. Kömür, doğanın insana sunduğu çok önemli bir enerji kaynağıdır. Kömürün elde edilmesi için doğanın dönüştürülmesi gerekir. İnsan, doğanın dönüştürülmesi sürecinde etken bir varlık olarak yer alırken, kendisini de dönüştürür. Bu süreçte doğadan elde edilen kömür, insan ile girdiği ilişkide, hem doğanın hem de insanın dönüşümünü hızlandırmış ve Endüstri Devrimi’nin temel enerji kaynağı olmuştur. Bununla birlikte kömürün elde edilmesine yönelik yeni teknolojiler geliştirilmiş, taşınması için ulaşım sektöründe yenilikler yapılmış ve üretim gündelik rolünden sıyrılıp, makineleşme ile birlikte kütle halinde yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu gelişmeler ilk defa, düşük maliyetli kömürü avantaja dönüştüren İngiltere’de ortaya çıkmıştır. İngiltere, kömürü kullanarak Endüstri Devrimi’ni başlatırken, kendi içinde kentleşmeden-işçi hareketlerine kadar ekonomik ve siyasal değişmeleri de yaşamıştır. Diğer yandan kömür ve onun etrafında oluşan yenilikler, İngiltere’nin dünya ekonomisini ve siyasetini yönlendirmesinde yardımcı olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, her ne kadar bir enerji kaynağı şeklinde düşünülse de toplumsal bir madde olan kömür, İngiltere’ye liderlik rolünü verdirirken, Endüstri Devrimi sonrasında eskiye dönüşün mümkün olmadığı bir dünya yaratılmasında aracı rolünü üstlenmiştir.
This study has studied the impact of coal, which is described as "black diamond", on the industrial revolution and the role it plays in the changes in Britain, which has become a hegemon power in the world economy. Coal is a very important source of energy that nature provides to humans. Nature needs to be transformed to obtain coal. When man is an active being in the process of transformation of nature, he also transforms himself. In this process, the coal obtained from nature has accelerated the transformation of both nature and humanity in its relationship with man, and has become the main source of energy of the Industrial Revolution. However, new technologies for the acquisition of coal have been developed, innovations have been made in the transport sector for its transportation and production has been separated from the daily role, and has begun to be made in mass with machinery. These developments have appeared for the first time in the UK, which turns low-cost coal to advantage. While Britain started the Industrial Revolution using coal, it has also experienced economic and political changes from urbanization to workers’ movements within itself. On the other hand, coal and the innovations surrounding it have Britain guide the world economy and politics. As a result, although considered as a source of energy, coal, a social substance, has given Britain the leadership role, and has taken the instrumental role in the creation of a world that after the Industrial Revolution is unlikely to return to ancient.
In this study, the effect of coal, which is called "black diamond", in the Industrial Revolution, and its role in the variances it has made in the UK, which has become hegemonic power in the world economy, have been examined. Coal is a very important energy source that nature gives people. Nature must be transformed in order to draw coal. While human being is an active entity in the process of transforming nature, it also transforms itself. In the mutual relationship with human, coal has also become the main energy source of the Industrial Revolution, which will accelerate the transformation of both nature and human. However, new technologies for coal drawing have been developed, innovations have been made in the transportation sector for transportation, and production has started to be stripped from its daily role and made in mass. These developments first appeared in England, which turned low-cost coal into an advantage. While England started the Industrial Revolution using coal, it also experienced economic and political changes from urbanization to labor movements. On the other hand, coal and the innovations around it have helped Britain guide the world economy and politics. As a result, coal, which is a social substance, gave England its leadership role, while playing the intermediary role in creating a world where it is not possible to bring back the past after the Industrial Revolution.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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