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  Citation Number 1
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Karl Popper’in Platon Eleştirisinin Epistemolojik ve Politik Kökenleri
2019
Journal:  
Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Karl Raimund Popper (1902–1994), bilim felsefesine kazandırdığı yanlışlanabilirlik ilkesi ve siyaset felsefesinde geliştirdiği açık toplum kavramıyla 20. Yüzyıl’ın en etkili düşünürleri arasında yer almaktadır. Popper’in epistemoloji alanında Hegel’in diyalektik idealizmine, siyaset felsefesinde ise sosyalizme ve kolektivizme yaptığı eleştiriler, kendisinin ilk alanda neo-pozitivizmin, ikinci alanda ise neo-liberalizmin önemli bir temsilcisi olarak algılanmasına neden olmuştur. Ne var ki Popper’in idealizme yönelttiği eleştirilerin temeli La Mettrie tarzı bir materyalizme, David Hume tipi bir ampirisizme ya da Comte-Durkheim ekolünden bir pozitivizme dayanmadığı gibi, sosyalizm ve kolektivizme yönelttiği eleştiriler de kaynağını John Locke, Adam Smith ya da Friedrich von Hayek gibi klasik liberal teorisyenlerden almamaktadır.  Popper’in her iki alandaki eleştirilerinin hedefinde bulunan düşünür, ilk büyük sistematik filozof olan Platon’dur (M.Ö.427–347). Popper, idealizme ve sosyalizme kökten cephe almaktan çok, Platon’un sisteminden kaynaklandığını düşündüğü objektif idealizme ve topyekûn toplum mühendisliğine karşı çıkmıştır. Buna karşılık düşünürün temel görüşlerinin, Platon’un da içinden çıkmış olduğu Sokratik geleneğin eleştirel ve bireyci bir yorumuna dayandığı söylenebilir.

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Epistemological and political origins of Karl Popper's Platon Criticism
2019
Author:  
Abstract:

Karl Raimund Popper (1902-1994), with the principle of falsificability he gave to the scientific philosophy and the concept of open society he developed in the political philosophy. It is among the century's influential thinkers. Popper’s criticism of Hegel’s dialectic idealism in the epistemology field, socialism and collectivism in political philosophy, has led to his perception as an important representative of neo-positivism in the first and neo-liberalism in the second field. However, as Popper’s criticism is not based on a La Mettrie-style materialism, a David Hume-like empirism or a Comte-Durkheim-like positivism, so the criticism of socialism and collectivism does not take its source from classical liberal theorists such as John Locke, Adam Smith or Friedrich von Hayek. The thinker targeted by Popper’s criticism in both fields is Platon, the first great systematic philosopher (M.E. 427-347). Popper opposed the objective idealism and topyekûn social engineering, which Platon believed it was derived from the system, rather than taking the front of idealism and socialism. In contrast, it can be said that the fundamental opinions of the thinker are based on a critical and individual interpretation of the Socrates tradition, which Platon also came out of.

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2019
Author:  
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Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

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Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi