Özet:

Assimilation is one of the major phonological rules that explain how sounds in a phrase change and get more like each other. In this sense, relationships among sounds in phrases in which words come together explain such changes. It is seen that both modern-day linguists and ancient scholars of the Arabic language have been interested in this issue. Imām Abū al-Baqāʾ al-ʿUkbarī (d. 616/1219) addressed it in a chapter on Qur’anic recitations in his major work “Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh” and paid a special attention to it. Assimilation is one of the ways of voice orientation that al-ʿUkbarī relied on while examining and analyzing the ways of recitation. This study not only aims to reveal how assimilation is addressed within the scope of "phonology" in Abū al-Baqāʾ al-ʿUkbarī’s book titled “Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh” but it also aims to unearth the importance of the relevant subject. Furthermore, as al-ʿUkbarī’s book is a work in which various recitation practices of the Qurʾān are specifically mentioned, this study aims to determine what various recitation practices are and to what extent they are useful. The reason for choosing the book "Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh", which is the focus of the present study, is that it is of immense importance in its field. It functions as a benchmark in terms of guiding shādh recitations in Arabic. It would not be exaggeration to describe it as a seminal work in this field, and it has been a major work of reference for later books. It is necessary to benefit from al-ʿUkbarī’s views on sounds and the related issues he addresses when carrying out research on sound phenomena in general and more specifically assimilation, which is also included in the book " Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh". As for the method followed by the research, analytical and qualitative research methods were used to analyze the examples and types of assimilation, along with the related observations and opinions in al-ʿUkbarī’s book "Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh”. The cases of assimilation are classified based on the type of impact: full or partial, coalescent or distance, progressive or regressive assimilation. In this study, assimilation is succinctly described; then some examples in the book "Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh" are presented. Building upon this, the meaning of each type of effect that results in assimilation is explained. Then, al-ʿUkbarī’s ideas and discussions on this issue is analyzed not only in the light of the words of earlier scholars but also that of of the nature of sound phenomena. The results of the present study revealed that although al-ʿUkbarī and modern-day scholars do not use assimilation and similar terms explicitly, al-ʿUkbarī elaborated on the assimilation rule and its effect in his book titled "Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh", stressed it in some recitation practices and was aware of some phonetic changes, and therefore he took assimilation as a point of reference for various practices. In addition, it was concluded that all types of sound effects that produce assimilation are included in al-ʿUkbarī’s remarks about assimilation and his ideas and analyses related to recitation practices. His statements on this subject are clear and precise; we can say that assimilation with all its specific details, as a sound phenomenon, assumes a distinctive place in al-ʿUkbarī’s linguistic thought. These are the conclusions we reached through his book "Iʿrāb al-Qirāʾāt al-Shawādh".

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