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Çağ açıp çağ kapayan Sultan Fâtih üstün başarılı devlet adamlığının yanı sıra, çok yönlü kişiliğinin bir tezahürü olarak Klasik edebiyatımızın mazmun ve mefhumlarıyla, nazım şekli ve şiir tekniğine hâkim güçlü bir şâir olma özelliğine de sahiptir.“Avnî” mahlasıyla şiirler yazan Sultan, aynı zamanda Osmanlı padişahları arasında ilk divan sahibi hükümdardır. Onun şiirlerinde aşk, âşık-maşuk, rakib, tasavvuf, anasır-ı erbaa, sanat, musiki, özlem, hasret, dert, keder vb. divan edebiyatının belli başlı bütün kavramlarını bulmak mümkündür. Dert kelimesi sözlükte üzüntü, hastalık, ağrı, sorun ve kaygı anlamlarına gelmektedir. Şiir dünyamızda ise gam, gussa, teessür, melâl, ızdırap, ye’s, mihnet, keder, tasa, kaygı, üzüntü, inkisar, hüzün, elem, sıkıntı, cefâ, belâ vb. birçok yakın anlamlı sözcükle birlikte kullanılmıştır. Avnî divanında, dert kavramı incelendiğinde aynı anlamda kullanılan gam, gussa, melâl, ızdırap, ye’s, efgân, mihnet, belâ, kahr ve sitem gibi yakın anlamlı kelimelerin bulunduğu yüz elliye yakın beyit bulunmaktadır. Bu beyitlerin yanı sıra dert veya herhangi bir şekilde dert kelimesinin yakın anlamlılarının olmadığı fakat yine de derdi yüklenmiş beyitler de mevcuttur. Allah beni türlü türlü dertler için yaratmıştır diyen ve genç yaşta İstanbul’un fethiyle dertlenen Fatih, İtalya fethini gerçekleştirmeyi planladığı sırada vefat etmiştir. Dolayısıyla onun derdi gaza derdi veya başka bir ifadeyle “Kızıl Elma” derdi mi idi? Bir kul olarak Allahü Teâla’ya hakkıyla kulluk edememe ya da gönlünü sevgiliye kaptırmış bir âşığın çaresizce derdini yüklenmiş de olabilir miydi? Bu bildiride Fatih’in şiirlerinden hareketle derdinin ne olduğu sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır.
The Sultan Fatih, who opened the age and closed the age; in addition to his superior successful state humanity, as a manifestation of his versatile personality, has the characteristic of being a powerful poet, dominant of the Nazim form and poetry technique, with the masmons and meffems of our classical literature.The Sultan, who writes poems with the "Avnî" mahlas, is also the first divan-owned ruler among the Ottoman princes. In his poems love, love-mashuk, rival, tasavvuf, mother-in-law, art, music, desire, desire, trouble, sorrow, etc. It is possible to find all the main concepts of the divan literature. The word concern in the dictionary means sadness, illness, pain, problem and anxiety. In our poetry world, gam, gussa, teessur, melâl, riddrap, ye's, mihnet, sadness, tasa, anxiety, sadness, inkisar, sadness, element, trouble, cefâ, illness, etc. It has been used with a lot of meaningful words. In the Avnî divan, when the concept of trouble is studied, there are almost a hundred thousand beits in the same meaning used as gam, gussa, melâl, ızdrap, ye's, efgân, mihnet, belâ, kahr and sitem. This is not the case, but it is not the case, but it is not the case, and it is not the case, and it is not the case, and it is not the case, and it is not the case. Fatih, who said God created me for all kinds of troubles and worried with the conquest of Istanbul in his young age, died when he planned to accomplish the conquest of Italy. So was his problem Gaza, or was it “Red Apple” in other words? Is it possible for a servant to be unable to worship God rightly, or a loving man who has caught his heart into a loving man to be unfortunate? In this statement, it is asked what the problem is with the poems of Fatih.
Sultan Fatih, besides being a successful statesmanship, as a reflection of his multifaceted personality, is also a talented poet of classical literature with his comprehensive knowledge of poetry and verse techniques through his poetic themes and concepts. He is the first Ottoman ruler who wrote poems with the pseudonym ‘Avni’. In his poems, it is possible to find fundamental themes of divan literature such as love, lover (mashuk), rakib, Islamic Sufism-mysticism, anasir-ı erbaa, art, music, missing, longing, trouble, sorrow and so on. The word trouble (kaygı) means grief, illness, pain, problem and anxiety in dictionary. However, in poetry, it used with multiple meanings such as worrying, anxiety, emotion, tedious, agony, suffering, grief, sadness, denial, passion, distress, rigor, doom, and so on. As the term ‘trouble’ is studied in Avni divan, we find about hundred and fifty verses, couplets including similar meaning such as anxiety, tedious, sorrow, agony, moaning, suffering, distress, and rebel. In addition to these couplets, there are also couplets that do not employ the term ‘trouble’ or its synonyms but have its messages and meanings. Fatih, who says that Allah created him for such troubles, was troubled with the conquest of İstanbul and died planning his conquest of Italy. Therefore, was it the matter of holy war or in other words, ‘Red Apple’ that troubled him? Could he have been troubled with the duty of being a good subject to Allah or with falling in love with a beloved one? In this paper, referring to his poems, the answer to the question ‘what troubled Fatih?’ is to be answered.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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