Özet:

The aim of the study is to determine the impact of the interest level in Industry 4.0 vehicles on the export and import of high-tech products as the main objective of the study. Design/Method/Access - The study, using the data set of 31 countries between 2007 and 2019, tries to identify the factors affecting the import and export of high-tech products by panel data analysis. Factors are defined as the interest levels of human capital, foreign direct investments, non-clean domestic savings, non-clean capital formation, infrastructure, exchange rates, inflation, migration, technology, R&D, internet use, patent and Industry 4.0. The findings - Panel data analysis results show that domestic savings, which are important for economic growth and capital accumulation in the country’s economies, have a positive impact on both imports and exports of countries. As the number of patents carried out in a given period increases in terms of selected countries, the imports of high-tech products increase, the exports decrease. Furthermore, the human capital shift determined on the basis of the level of education, the technology shift determined as the value added ratio of the medium and high-tech industry and the interest level in Industry 4.0 vehicles increased the imports of high-tech products, there was no impact on exports. In the model that all the variables are included, the country’s R&D spending within a year has come to the conclusion that it increases high-tech exports and has no impact on imports. Debate - In order to increase the country’s high-tech exports in terms of foreign trade, the increasing interest in Industry 4.0 tools must be transformed into a part of R&D activities along with human and physical capital investments. According to the results obtained, as R&D expenditure increases, high-tech exports are also increasing. Thus, the level of interest in the Industry 4.0 tools that can be seen as a threat to the country’s economies will be transformed into an opportunity.

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