Özet:

The purpose of the paper is to create an economic and mathematical model for identifying the main areas of service development in the implementation of passenger transportation by railway transport. Methodology. The survey is based on a comparison of data from two sets of respondents surveyed in 2016– 2017, using the same questionnaire. Passengers were asked to fill in questionnaires by themselves. In total, more than 100 passengers were interviewed. The paper also is based on special railway ticket desks reporting forms of 2016–2017. Practical applications. It is proposed the model of serving passengers in the part of the formation of food sets that are offered. Results. It is proved that it is based on the model development of the total value of the passenger’s dietary structure and allows them to meet their nutritional needs with minimum cost. Scientifically-based is that the solution to this problem is possible through the formation of a balanced package of services for potential rail passengers of Ukraine, which allows increasing the efficiency of passenger service. To develop the growing passenger traffic, the railways try to increase the capacity of trains by including in the scheme of formation of the most capacious types of cars, which causes a decrease in the quality of passenger service, and sometimes – the population of trains. In order to solve the problems of such a class, the article proposes to establish links between demand, price, and level of purchasing power of transport services consumers, and also it is possible to use methods of correlation analysis and multiple regression. Analysis of results of the study of passenger traffic in some areas of the railway network showed that the replacement of the required type of carriages by others leads to the refusal of a certain number of passengers from the trip. Obviously, the change in the schemes of formation of passenger trains, without taking into account the demand of the population for places by types of cars, can lead to serious losses of profits of passenger railways and an increase in dissatisfaction with the demand of passengers. Taking into account the need of passengers and the requirements of rail transport, the task of choosing rational schemes for the formation of passenger trains can be formulated in the following form. A special place in the service of passengers during the trip is catering. The organization of catering for passengers in trains is one of the most profitable accompanying services and the biological necessity of a person. In the railway transport, a comprehensive system for providing and organizing the feeding of passengers in trains should be developed, based on modern and advanced technologies that provide for certain dietary standards, depending on the duration of the trip and the timetable of trains, and take into account the specifics of the consumption of food for a particular category of passengers.

Anahtar Kelimeler: