Özet:

Today, with increasing globalization, are trying to move their activities to international scale in order to be able to compete against their competitors, to continue their activities, to grow and to make profits. There is a long history of internationalization of business activities. In fact, trade activities rely on the oldest civilizations. The systematic cross-border trade activities carried out by private corporate institutions in Europe began with the Middle Ages. National enterprises are enterprises that operate in production and marketing within the borders of a country. They do not participate in any international activity. They are usually targeted to meet local requirements. Mostly, they work in this field, as they require less information, capital and other production factors to bring to international activity, to operate within the country. Operating in international markets requires knowledge of the legislation, incentives, restrictions, and the characteristics of consumers of at least two countries. These enterprises do not care about the international markets, either capital or management structure, because they do not consider themselves sufficient or because they have a good place in the area they are. International enterprises include enterprises engaged in various activities, ranging from import-export and licensing to other countries to producing in different countries. These enterprises, while operating in foreign countries, are enterprises with limited investment abroad and mostly the management of the main enterprise, which is in the hands of the citizen of the enterprise country. An enterprise may operate by marketing the goods it produces to other countries or by marketing the products it produces in its own country. The activities of such enterprises take place between the borders of at least two countries. The international enterprise has a main enterprise in any country and coordinated production and sales units in different countries. The main enterprise manages all activities without any difference between national and international activities. In this context, the aim of the work is to identify the processes that an enterprise is going through from national to international, and the challenges and stages of this process and what should be done. As a result, in the emergence of international enterprises; developments in information processing technology, international competition and unlimited human needs are made up of three factors. Even though the internationalization of an enterprise is not an easy process, the decisions made in this process will become very important for the future of the enterprise. However, the managers and leaders, the most important actors in this process, should, when making this decision, explore in detail the markets of the countries in which they will enter and predict the risks.

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