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Bu çalışmanın amacı, uzun mesafe koşarak yol yada patika yarışlarına katılan ferdi yada kulüp sporcusu olan koşucuların yarışma seçimine etki eden faktörlerin neler olduğunu belirlemek ve bu faktörlerin demografik değişkenlerle olan ilişkisini açıklamaktır. Araştırmaya, İstanbul ilinin çeşitli semtlerinde koşu antrenmanı yapan 18 yaşından büyük ve yılda en az 1 kez uzun mesafe yol yada patika yarışında mücadele etmiş; %90’nın bireysel, %10 ‘unun ise kulüp sporcusu olduğu 366 erkek, ile 192 kadından oluşan toplam 558 atlet katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı araştırmacı tarafından uzman görüşleri de alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Likert tipinde hazırlanan “Müsabaka Seçim Ölçeği”nin geçerliliğini belirlemek için faktör analizinden yararlanılmıştır. 212 sporcuya yapılan ön uygulamayla hesaplanan Bartlett’s Test değeri olan p=0,000 faktör analizine uygunluğu göstermektedir. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) değeri olarak hesaplanan 0,833 ise ön uygulamadaki örneklem sayısının yeterliliğini göstermektedir. Buna göre faktör sayısının belirlenmesi için yapılan Temel Bileşenler Analizi (Principal Component Analysis-PCA) sonucunda ise 22 sorudan oluşan ölçeğin; fiziksel çevre, yarışma çekiciliği ve sosyalleşme ortamından oluşan 3 faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin güvenilirliği için hesaplanan Cronbach Alfa değeri ise 0,892 olarak bulunmuştur. Normal dağılım göstermeyen sonuçlara parametrik olmayan Kruskal Wallis H ve Mann Whitney U testleri uygulanarak veriler analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların “Müsabaka Seçim Ölçeği”ne verdikleri cevaplar; cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar göstermezken (p>0,05); medeni durumu ve ferdi sporcu ya da kulüp sporcusu olma değişkenlerine göre ise istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar göstermiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak koşucuların yarış seçim kriterleri; cinsyet, yaş ve eğitim durumu değişkenlerinden etkilenmezken, medeni durum ve ferdi sporcu ya da kulüp sporcusu olma değişkenlerinden etkilendiği görülmektedir. Bekar sporcuların sosyalleşme isteklerinin evli sporculara göre daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu; evli sporcularınsa arkadaş çevrelerinin tavsiyesine göre yarış seçimi yaptıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ferdi sporcuların sosyalleşme ortamını ve yarışın çekiciliğini daha yüksek düzeyde dikkate alarak yarış seçtiği; bu işten geçimini sağlayan kulübe bağlı profesyonel sporcuların ise fiziksel çevreyi gözönüne alma düzeylerinin yarış seçiminde daha çok etkili olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
The objective of this study is to determine what factors affect the selection of the runners who are runners or club athletes who participate in long-distance runners or runners and explain the relationship of these factors with demographic variables. In the study, older than 18 years old who were running training in various districts of the province of Istanbul and had at least 1 time a year struggled in long-distance road or patika race; 90% were individual, 10% club athletes, 366 men, and 192 women participated in a total of 558 athletes. The data collection tool is also prepared by the researcher taking the expert opinions. Factor analysis has been used to determine the validity of the "Exchange Selection Scale" prepared in the likert type. The Bartlett's Test value, calculated by a pre-application for 212 athletes, is according to the p=0,000 factor analysis. The value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) is 0.833 which indicates the number of samples in the pre-application. According to the Basic Component Analysis (PCA), the scale consisting of 22 questions has a three-factor structure consisting of physical environment, competitive attractiveness and socialization. The Cronbach Alfa value calculated for the reliability of the measure was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.892 and the Cronbach Alfa value was 0.89. The data were analyzed by applying non-parametric Kruskal Wallis H and Mann Whitney U tests to the results that did not show normal distribution. The responses of the participants to the "Exchange Scale" showed no statistically meaningful differences according to the variables of gender, age, educational status (p>0,05); statistically meaningful differences according to the variables of civic status and being a professional athlete or club athlete (p<0,05). As a result, the racing selection criteria of the runners are not affected by the variables of gender, age and educational status, but are affected by the variables of being a civic status and a sporty or club athlete. The desire for socialization of single athletes is higher than the desire for married athletes; the result is that married athletes make a race choice according to the advice of their friends. It is clear that Ferdi athletes choose the race taking into account the socialization environment and the attractiveness of the race at a higher level; the professional athletes associated with the club that make it possible to survive this job are more effective in the race choice.
The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the race selection of the individual or club runners who participate in the road or trail races by running long distance and to explain the relationship between these factors and demographic variables. The study was conducted; over the age of 18, who performed the running training in various districts of Istanbul and competed at least one competition in a year at a long distance road or trail race; a total of 558 athletes, 366 men and 192 women, of whom 90% were individual and 10% were club athletes participated. Data collection tool was prepared by the researcher with the taken of expert opinions. In order to determine the validity of the "Competition Selection Scale" prepared in Likert type, was used factor analysis. According to the The Bartlett Tests value p=0,000 which calculated from the pre-treatment of 212 athletes, shows its suitable for factor analysis. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value, which is calculated as 0,833 shows the adequacy of the sampling in the pre-treatment. As the result of Principle Component Analysis (PCA), it was found that the scale consists 3 factors as physical environment, race attractiveness and socialization environment in the total of 22 questions. The Cronbach Alpha value calculated for the reliability of the scale was found as 0,892. The non-normally distributed data were analyzed by applying non-parametric Kruskal Wallis H and Mann Whitney U tests. In oder to answers of the survey; statistically significant differences were not found between gender, age and educational level (p>0,05); statistically significant differences were found between marital status and individual or club runners were found (p<0,05). As the result, the race selection criteria of the runners are; while gender, age and educational level were not affected by variables, marital status and being individual or club athletes were affected. While single athletes have higher socialization desire than married athletes; it is seen that the married athletes have selected the race by the recommendation of their friends. It is understood that individual athletes select the race considering the socialization environment and the attractiveness of the race at a higher level. Also the professional athletes in the club who earn his/her life by running, consider physical environment in the selection of race.
Alan : Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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