Özet:

Ethnicity not only affects the daily lives of Afghans, but also plays an undeniable role in determining their political behavior. Ethnicity continues to maintain its importance in the political power struggle in Afghanistan from the establishment of the Abdali government in 1747, in which the Pashtun tribes took center stage. Conflicts related to ethnicity are seen as an important source of instability and political crises in Afghanistan. Afghanistan is a country where the nation-building process has not been completed, the government does not have a complete monopoly of power, and the majority of the people do not prefer national sentiments over sub-national interests. The social life of the majority of the people of Afghanistan is still managed on the basis of tribal unity. The issue of ethnicity has long been a source of disagreement and division in Afghan society and is one of the most influential factors in the failure to realize national identity and integrity. In this study, the relationship between ethnic groups and political structure in Afghanistan in the historical process has been evaluated in terms of the formation, consolidation and expansion of political power. The interference of neighboring countries in Afghanistan's domestic politics, the low level of democratic political culture of the Afghan people, the lack of an alternative idea to ethnic politics to mobilize people, and the abuse of ethnic feelings by the political elites cause the traditional elites to maintain their power in Afghan politics and the political problems cannot be resolved.

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