Abstract:

Sediment pollution is dangerous because of the food web and finally becoming detrimental to organisms. Heavy metals can pass from soil to seed, making plants toxic. When organisms feed on this plant, larger animals feed on these organisms, by the time heavy metals get more effective in the process of biomagnification. It is a significant point to analyze the metal pollution in the sediment during the investigation of the contaminated aquatic environment. Measuring the abundance and structure of organisms in the area may demonstrate the sediment ecosystem health but these measurements are expensive and requires a lot of time. The ecological risk caused by heavy metals is about to be evaluated different “sediment quality standards” have been developed Aquatic ecosystems play an important role in maintaining ecological balance such as climate regulation, irrigation, flood control, aquaculture, and especially water supply. Sediments are located at the linkup of the solid-liquid interface, therefore they form an important part of the water body. The purpose of this review article is to reveal the importance of sediment pollution with heavy metals and understand how usage of accordingly sediment quality guidelines and indices.

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