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23 Aralık 1876 tarihinde ilan edilerek yürürlüğe giren Osmanlı Devleti’nin ilk Anayasası Kanun-ı Esasi ile birlikte Birinci Meşrutiyet Dönemi başlamıştır. Böylece Türk demokrasi tarihinde parlamenter yönetim anlayışı resmi olarak yürürlüğe girmiştir. Parlamento, padişahın atadığı üyelerden oluşan Meclis-i Ayan ve halkın oylarıyla seçtiği temsilcilerin bulunduğu Meclis-i Mebusan’dan oluşmuştur. 19 Mart 1877 tarihinde çalışmalarına başlayan Meclis-i Mebusan’a o yıllarda idari açıdan Halep Vilayeti’ne bağlı Maraş Sancağı’ndan tek mebus katılmıştır. Birinci Meşrutiyet Dönemi, 1877-1878 Osmanlı Devleti ile Rusya arasındaki savaş sebep gösterilerek anayasanın tatil edilmesi ve meclis çalışmalarının durdurulması ile sona ermiştir. 23 Temmuz 1908 tarihinde Kanun-ı Esasi’nin tekrar yürürlüğe girmesi ile ikinci Meşrutiyet Dönemi ve Meclis-i Mebusan da yeniden çalışmasına başlamıştır. İkinci Meşrutiyet döneminde ise Meclis-i Mebusan’a Merkez Sancağı’nı temsilen 10 mebus katılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Meclis-i Mebusan’daki Maraş Vilayeti Merkez Sancağı’nı (Maraş) temsil eden mebusların özgeçmişleri ve Meclisteki faaliyetleri arşiv ve meclis zabıt kayıtları esas alınarak ayrıntılı olarak sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
On 23 December 1876 the first Constitution of the Ottoman State, which was declared and entered into force, began the First Legitimation Period with the Essence of the Law. Thus, in the history of Turkish democracy, the concept of parliamentary governance has officially entered into force. The Parliament is made up of the Parliament consisting of the members appointed by the king Ayan and the Parliament consisting of the representatives elected by the people by votes. On March 19, 1877, the Parliament-i Mebusan, which began its work, was the only Mebus from the Maraş Sanctuary linked to the province of Halep in those years. The first period of legitimacy ended in 1877–1878 with the cessation of the Constitution and the cessation of the parliamentary work, as the cause of the war between the Ottoman State and Russia. On July 23, 1908, with the entry into force of the Law-the Essence, the second Legitimate Period and the Parliament of Mebusan began to work again. During the second period of Legacy, the Parliament participated in 10 Mebus represented the Central Sanctuary to Mebusan. In this study, it was tried to be presented in detail on the basis of the archives and parliamentary records of the Mebusan Municipality of Maraş (Maraş) and the activities of the Parliament.
The First Constitutional Era (Birinci Meşrutiyet Devri) of the Ottoman Empire refers to the period of constitutional monarchy from the promulgation of the Kanûn-ı Esâsî ( Basic Law), that began on 23 December 1876. Thus it can be said that the process of the parliamentary system began in history of Turkish democracy with the promulgation of the Kanûn-ı Esâsî. The first Ottoman Assembly (Meclis-i Umumi) consisted of the Chamber of Deputies (Meclis-i Mebusan) whose members were elected by the general Ottoman populace and a senate (Ottoman Turkish: Meclis-i Ayan) whose members were appointed for life by the Sultan. The Chamber of Deputies (Meclis-i Mebusan) began its activities on 19 March 1877. In this first parliament of the Ottoman Empire, only one deputy from the Maras Sanjak of Haleb province was elected. The First Constitutional Era ended with the suspension of the Ottoman Parliament and the constitution by Sultan Abdul Hamid II on the pretext of an emergency related to the ongoing war with Russia. The Second Constitutional Era (İkinci Meşrûtiyyet Devri) of the Ottoman Empire began shortly after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution which forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the constitutional monarchy by the revival of the Ottoman Parliament, the General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire and the restoration of the constitution of 1876. In the Second Constitutional Era, 10 deputies represented Maras in the Ottoman Chamber of Deputies. Drawing on the archival documents and parliamentary records, this study deals with the curriculum and activities of deputies, who represented Maras Sanjak in the Ottoman Chamber of Deputies.
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