Özet:

Geopolitics studies the character where natural environmental conditions and geographical position characteristics determine state policies and draw and inoculate targets. In other words, geopolitics is the planning of a country's security policy according to geographic events. In this context, the geographical characteristics and the demographic structure of Ağrı have affected Ankara's security policies and the relations between Turkey and Iran. Ağrı has a special place in the boundary conflicts between the two states. This situation will continue until the settlement of the Turkish-Iranian border problem. When we look into the historical process, it is observed that the issue of the Turkish-Iranian border was firstly included in the Amasya Peace Treaty (1555) in the Ottoman Period. Later, the border line determined with the Kasr-ı Sirin Treaty signed in 1639 was conserved to a considerable extent. However, border problems could not be settled completely. In the Ottoman Period, the last Treaty was signed in 1913. In the Republican Period, too, problems went on. The events broken out on the border affected the Turkish-Iranian relations negatively. As it is known, the demographic structures of countries are also evaluated within the geopolitical point of view. When the geopolitics of Ağrı is mentioned, not only its geographical characteristics, but also its demographic structure is of importance. Following the First and the Second Ağrı Revolts, the Third Ağrı Revolt starting in 1930 caused a crisis in the Turkish-Iranian relations. In the process of the operation starting in September 1930, the Turkish forces entered the Iranian lands and the Little Ağrı Mountain was captured. Hence, it became possible to defeat the rebels. The acceptance of this actual state by Iran would settle the security problem of Turkey in the Ağrı region. Moreover, on 23rd January, too, two treaties were signed in Teheran under the titles of "Determination of the Turkish-Iranian Border Line" and "Reconciliation, Legal Liquidation and Arbitration". Later, one more Treaty was signed on 27th May 1937 in Teheran with the aim of making a correction on the border. With this Treaty, the border problem between Turkey and Iran was settled.

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