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Seçim dönemlerinde siyasi partiler ve adaylar yoğun olarak çeşitli siyasal kampanyalar yürütmektedir. Odak noktayı ulaşılmak istenen hedef kitlenin oluşturduğu bu kampanyalar belirli aşamalardan geçerek hazırlanmakta ve amaca hizmet edebilecek farklı enstrümanlardan yararlanmaktadır. Söz konusu enstrümanlardan biri olan seçim beyannameleri kampanya süreçlerinde seçmeni bilgilendirme, ikna etme, parti ve adayı tanıtma, vaatler hakkında farkındalık oluşturma gibi çeşitli roller üstlenmektedir. Bu nedenle, partilere ve seçim dönemlerine göre yayınlanan beyannamelerin özellikleri farklılık göstermekte, hatta kimi zaman partiler herhangi bir beyanname yayınlamamayı tercih etmektedir. Tüm bunlardan hareketle, seçim kampanyalarına beyannameler özelinde odaklanan çalışmada, nitel içerik analizi kullanılmakta, beyannamelerin içeriksel ve şekilsel özelliklerine göre analiz edilmesi ve partilerin vaatlerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Örneklem olarak da 31 Mart 2019 yerel seçimlerinde en yüksek oy oranına sahip ve beyanname yayınlamış olan Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, Halkların Demokratik Partisi, İYİ Parti ve Saadet Partisi yer almaktadır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler neticesinde beyannamelerin şekilsel ve içeriksel özelliklerinde net bir ayrım olduğu saptanmıştır. Kullanılan söylem, fotoğraf, seçmene hitap şekli bunu açıkça ortaya çıkarmıştır. Partilerin belediyecilik anlayışı noktasında ve sundukları vaatler konusunda ise bir benzerlik söz konusudur. Partiler her ne kadar ideolojik olarak ayrışsa da yerel yönetim konusunda aralarında önemli fark olmadığı sunulan vaatlerde ortak kavramlara yer verildiği görülmüştür.
During the election period, political parties and candidates are intensely conducting various political campaigns. These campaigns, which the target audience wants to reach the focus point, are prepared through certain stages and are used by different instruments that can serve the goal. Election statements, which are one of these instruments, take various roles in the campaign processes, such as informing the voter, persuading, promoting the party and the candidate, raising awareness of the promises. Therefore, the characteristics of the statements published according to the parties and elections periods are different, and sometimes the parties prefer not to publish any statements. With all of this, in the study focused on the declarations on electoral campaigns, the quality content analysis is used, the purpose of the declarations is to be analyzed according to the internal and formal characteristics and to compare the promises of the parties. As an example, the 31 March 2019 local elections include the Justice and Development Party, the Republican People's Party, the Democratic Party of the Peoples, the GOOD Party and the Saadet Party, which had a high voting rate and published the declaration. As a result of the assessments made, it has been found that the statements have a clear difference in their formal and internal characteristics. The word used, the photo, the form of speech to the voter clearly revealed this. There is a similarity between the parties and the promises they offer. Although the parties are ideologically separated, there is no significant difference between them in terms of local governance; it has been shown that the proposed promises include common concepts.
During election periods, political parties and candidates intensively conduct a variety of political campaigns. These campaigns, where the focus is on the target audience, are prepared through certain stages and use different instruments that may serve the purpose. Election declarations, one of the instruments in question, play various roles in campaign processes such as informing and persuading the voters, introducing the party and the candidate to the voters, and raising voters’ awareness regarding election promises. For this reason, the characteristics of the declarations issued differ from one another depending on the political party and the election period, and even in some cases parties prefer not to issue any declarations. From this point of view, with the study focusing on election campaigns in terms of declarations, it is intended to analyze the declarations according to their content and shape and to compare the election promises of political parties by using qualitative content analysis. The sample used in the study is composed of Justice and Development Party, Republican People's Party, Peoples' Democratic Party, Good Party and Felicity Party which have issued a declaration and had the highest proportion of votes in the March 31, 2019 local elections. As a result of the survey, it is determined that there is a clear distinction between the formal and contextual characteristics of the declarations. The rhetoric used, the photograph, and the manner the electorates are addressed clearly reveal this distinction. There is a similarity between the approaches to municipalism and the election promises of the political parties. Although the parties are ideologically divided, it is observed that there is no significant difference between the parties on the issues of local governance and that common concepts are included in the promises made.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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