Abstract:

Psychotherapy is defined as the process of converting the incompatible feelings, thoughts and behaviors in a person into compatible feelings, thoughts and behaviors by the therapist using scientific psychological techniques and approaches. This process is an interpersonal and mutual therapeutic structure that therapists and consultants run together and that therapists communicate to consultants that they understand, respect and want to help. In psychotherapy, the therapist focuses on recognizing, understanding, formulating, determining the needs of the consultant and developing interventions appropriate to these needs. Thro the historical process, different psychotherapy models have been developed and each of them has its own therapeutic principles, although these models have common points at a level that cannot be minimized on the basis of the basic principles. Some of these principles are the concepts of case formulation, therapeutic framework, therapeutic alliance, resistance, transfer and counter transfer. The case formulation is the hypothesis that the therapist, the consultant, makes about the causes of psychological, interpersonal and behavioral problems, the triggering and persistent factors and is a fundamental element for the therapeutic interventions planned in the process of treatment. The therapeutic framework is an important instrument or contract containing the rules that the consultant and therapist should follow during the treatment period and information about how this process will be processed. The therapeutic alliance is defined as the cooperation that the therapist and consultant form and continues during psychotherapy. Resistance indicates the disappointment in terms of participation during the therapeutic relationship of the consultant. The transfer is the transfer of the therapist to the transfer of the therapist while the attitude and behavior developed by the consultant through past relationship experiences appear in the relationship with the therapist. In our study, these concepts have been studied with an eclectic approach in the axis of the basic principles and components of psychotherapy, regardless of any treatment model.

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