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Günümüzde nostaljik bir etkinlik mekânı olarak hatıralarda kalan yazlık sinemalar 1960-1985 yılları arasında Adana kentinin ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel gelişiminde önemli yer tutmuştur. Kentte ekonomik gelişime bağlı olarak iç göçle artan nüfusa sıcak yaz akşamlarında eğlenme imkânı sağlayan yazlık sinemalara akın edilmesi, her eve televizyonun girmesiyle 1980lerde son bulmuş olsa da, sinemalar hala kentlinin belleğinde yer almakta ve önemli referans noktaları olarak varlığını sürdürmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Adana’daki sinema kültürünün kentsel mekânı nasıl biçimlendirdiğini, kentin gelişimi ile sinemalar arasında nasıl bir ilişki olduğunu ve yazlık sinemaların tasarım özelliklerini sorgulamaktır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda 1961, 1972 ve 1985 tarihli hava fotoğrafları üzerinden sinemaların konumları tespit edilmiş, yapılmış araştırmalar ve yayınlar taranarak sinemaların isimleri belirlenmiş, bunların arasından 50 adet salon sineması ve yazlık sinema belirlenerek tarihlere göre kentteki faaliyetleri araştırılmış ve kentin gelişimi ile aralarındaki ilişki ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Buna ilave olarak yazlık sinemaların kentin farklı bölgelerinde yer alan 12 adedinin planları AutoCAD ortamında çizilmiş, seçilen örnekler üzerinden yazlık sinemaların mekânsal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler sonucunda tarihi kent merkezinde salon sinemaları ile başlayan film izleme etkinliğinin yazlık sinemalar ağırlıklı olmak üzere 1961-1972 yılları arasında merkezde ve kuzeyindeki iki bölgede yoğunlaştığı, çeperlerdeki mahallelerdeki boş arsalarda yazlık sinemaların oluşturulduğu ve sinemaların oluşumunun kentin gelişimiyle doğrudan ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kapasitesi 150 ile 1300 kişi arasında değişen yazlık sinemalar perdesi dar kenarına yerleştirilen bir dörtgen form içerisinde, zemin kotunda ise yüksek duvarlarla çevrili, tahta sandalyeler üzerinde ve ailelerin kullandığı localarda film izlenilen ve bazılarında süs havuzu bulunan mekânlardır. Halen altı adedinin perdesiyle var olduğu tespit edilen sinemaların kent hafızasındaki yerinin sürdürülmesi kentsel kültürel bellek açısından önemlidir.
Today, as a nostalgic event place, the summer cinema remaining in memory has played an important role in the economic, social and cultural development of the city of Adana between the years 1960 and 1985. Although the flow of summer films, which allows the growing population to have fun in the hot summer nights due to the economic development in the city, ended in the 1980s with the entrance of television to each house, the films are still in the city's memory and continue to exist as important reference points. The aim of this study is to question how the cinema culture in Adana shapes the urban space, what the relationship between the city’s development and the cinema, and the design features of the summer cinema. In accordance with these purposes, the locations of the cinemas were identified through the air photographs of 1961, 1972 and 1985, the research and publications were scaned and the names of the cinemas were determined, 50 of them were the salon cinemas and the summer cinemas were determined and the activities in the city were investigated according to the dates and the relationship between the city and the development was attempted to be revealed. In addition, the plans of the 12 parts of the summer cinemas located in the different areas of the city, drawn in the AutoCAD environment, and selected examples have determined the spatial characteristics of the summer cinemas. The data obtained in the study found that the film watching event, which began with the hall cinema in the historic city centre, focused on the summer cinema mainly between 1961 and 1972 in the center and two regions in the north, the creation of the summer cinema in the empty spaces in the districts of the circles and the formation of the cinema was directly related to the development of the city. The capacity varies between 150 and 1300 people, summer cinemas are places in a square shape placed on the narrow edge of the curtain, and on the ground coat surrounded by high walls, on wooden chairs and in the locations used by families, where films are viewed and some have a decorative pool. The preservation of the place in the city memory of the films that are still found to exist with the walls of six is important in terms of the city cultural memory.
Open-air cinemas which are spaces of nostalgia were significant between 1960 and 1985 regarding the financial, social, and cultural development of Adana. While the predominant use of open-air cinemas for public entertainment in hot summer evenings had ended by 1980s because of the television broadcasting, they still live in the memory of people and keep being nodes of reference. This study aims to investigate how cinema culture formed urban space, the extent of the relationship between cinemas and the development of the city and their design principles. Within these aims locations of cinemas are identified using aerial photographs dated 1961, 1972 and 1985, names of the cinemas are ascertained by reviewing the relevant literature, activities of 50 cinemas in the city are investigated and the relationship between the development of the city and the cinemas are examined. Furthermore, plans of twelve of the open-air cinemas are drawn using AutoCAD to understand their spatial qualities. As a result of the study, it is determined that the establishment of cinemas which started in the historic city centre with saloon ones was directed to two other regions with open-air cinemas between the years of 1961 and 1972, empty plots within the outer neighbourhoods were used to create new open-air cinemas and that there was a direct relationship between the establishment of cinemas and the development of the city. Open-air cinemas with capacities from 150 people to 1300 were designed to have a screen in the narrow side of a rectangle, surrounded with high walls if built on land, having wooden chairs or boxes for families, and artificial pools in some examples. It is possible to argue, as the screens of six open-air cinemas have survived, that sustaining the place of cinemas in the memory of the citizens for urban cultural life is important.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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