Özet:

The Mu’tazila is a school of theology which became distinguished in the history of Islamic thinking by its peculiar rational expressions. The members of this school being talked of, defended that the Qor’an has to be understood in the direction of the fundamental principles named usul al-khams. They sometimes tend to interpret the apparent meanings based on the Arabic language to get verses that contradict to these principles matched with their sectional thoughts. In this article there is intended to evaluate the usage of language data by Mu’tezilian members in a way that supports their sectarian thoughts from the Arabic language perspective. For this reason, our study has the feature of an interdisciplinary research in which the sciences of Kalam and Tafsir meet in the origin of the Arabic language. In this study the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research techniques, was used. In this article firstly the areas where members of the sect communicate with language were examined in general terms, and then the data belonging to the Arabic language used in line with the ideas of the sect were analyzed under the headings of grammatical analyzes and eloquent comments. In addition, the differences in the recitation that Mu‘tezile uses with the sects were discussed on linguistic grounds. The mentioned situation sometimes caused them to move away from the context of the verse due to different i‘râb evaluations. However, we witness that they load appropriate meanings to the letters in line with their ideology. In the grammatical explanations mentioned, Mu‘tazila sometimes took advantage of the opportunities of the Arabic language, and sometimes has resorted to some strained interpretations that is not inherent in the language. For Mu‘tazila, the data on rhetoric are considered important in terms of revealing the theological ideas. The most basic element of rhetoric used by the members of the creed in the context of their theological affiliation is metaphor. Metaphor, in the Arabic language, has become a linguistically demarcated concept in the hands of Mu‘tazilian philosophers, on the other hand, it has become a tool of interpretation used in ideological ideas. The members of the creed regarded the Arabic language as a tool serving the usûl-i hamse, both in nahvî and rhetoric explanations. This situation reveals that they did not make some linguistic analyzes they included in their works with the aim of establishing thought based on verses, instead they used these linguistic analyzes for ideological purposes. It is foreseen that our study will contribute to the questioning of the relationship between language and thought in the Mu‘tezilian tradition.

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