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Üretim sürecini tamamen değişime uğratan endüstri 4.0, sadece akıllı ve bağlantılı sistemler ile ilgili değildir. Endüstri 4.0, dizilemeden nanoteknolojiye kadar birçok alanda dijital teknolojilerin iç içe geçip kaynaşmasını ve karşılıklı etkileşimlerini kapsarken bu teknolojik dönüşümün tamamına neoliberal küreselleşme eşlik etmektedir. Süreç ekonomik, siyasal, sosyal, kültürel ve mekânsal dönüşümler üzerinde belirleyiciyken neoliberal politikaların merkezinde yer alan özelleştirme, piyasalaştırma ve serbestleştirme uygulamaları ile devletler hizmet sunumundan ya göreli olarak çekilmiş ya da bu alanlardaki hizmet sunumunda dönüşüme gitmiştir. Böylece sağlık, eğitim vb. gibi alanlar piyasa dinamiklerine göre yeniden yapılandırılmış ve “sağlık”, sermaye birikiminin bir aracı hâline getirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla dijital teknolojilerin gelişmesi, kapitalizmin küreselleşmesi ve devletin neoliberal bir anlayışla yeniden biçimlendirilmesi sürecinde sağlık hizmeti sunumu, tüm failleri ve aktörleriyle birlikte tekrardan sorgulanmalıdır. Nitekim dijital hastane konseptinde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri aracılığıyla dönüşümler yaşanmaktadır. Yaşanan dönüşümlerin ürettiği gelişmelerin meşruiyeti, tartışmalara açık bazı dinamikleri (profesyonelizmin yitimi, yeni gözetim ve denetim pratikleri, mahremiyet ihlalleri gibi) üretebilme potansiyeli barındırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, dijitalleşmenin ve neoliberal kapitalizmin mekân olarak hastaneyi, hastayı ve hekimlik mesleğini nasıl dönüştürdüğü irdelenmektedir. Yine bu çalışmada hekimlik pratiklerinin dönüşümü ve profesyonelizmin yitimi, yeni gözetim ve denetim pratikleri ile mahremiyet tartışılmaktadır.
Industry 4.0, which has completely changed the production process, is not just about smart and connected systems. Industry 4.0 covers digital technology’s interference and mutual interaction in many fields, from line-up to nanotechnology, while this technological transformation is accompanied by neoliberal globalization. While the process was decisive on economic, political, social, cultural and spatial transformations, the practices of privatization, marketing and liberalization, which are at the heart of neoliberal policies, and the states have either relatively withdrawn from the offer of services or turned into the offer of services in these fields. Health, education and so on. The fields are restructed according to the market dynamics and "health" has become a means of capital accumulation. Therefore, in the process of the development of digital technologies, the globalization of capitalism and the re-formation of the state with a neoliberal understanding, the provision of health care, together with all its actors and actors, must be re-interrogated. In fact, the concept of digital hospitals is transformed through information and communication technologies. The legitimacy of the developments produced by the transformations involves the potential to produce some dynamics open to discussion (such as the loss of professionalism, new supervision and control practices, privacy breaches). In this context, this study reflects how digitalization and neoliberal capitalism transformed the hospital, the patient and the medical profession as a place. Again, this study discusses the transformation of medical practices and the loss of professionalism, new supervision and supervision practices and privacy.
Industry 4.0, which has completely transformed the production process, is not just about smart and connected systems. While industry 4.0 includes the intertwining and fusion of digital technologies in many fields from sequencing to nanotechnology, and also includes the mutual interactions, those digital technological developments are accompanied by the neoliberal globalization process. With the practices of privatization, marketization and deregulation which are at the center of neoliberal policies, states have either relatively withdrawn from service provision or have transformed their service provision in these areas, while the process was decisive on economic, political, social, cultural and spatial transformations, Thus, areas such as health, education, etc. have been restructured by basing on market dynamics and ‘health’ became a means of capital accumulation. Therefore, in the process of the development of digital technologies, the globalization of capitalism and the reshaping of the state with a neoliberal approach, health care delivery should be re-examined altogether with its agents and actors. As a matter of fact, transformations are taking place in the digital hospital concept through information and communication technologies. The legitimacy of the developments produced by the transformations has the potential to produce some controversial dynamics (such as the loss of professionalism, new surveillance and control practices, violations of privacy). In this regard, it is examined in this paper that how digitalization and neoliberal capitalism transform the hospital as a space, the patient and the medical profession. Accordingly, the transformation of medical practices and the loss of professionalism, new surveillance and control practices and privacy are discussed.
Field : Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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