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Eğimli bir alan üzerine konumlanan Bitlis kenti, farklı dönemlere tarihlendirilen çok sayıda dini, askeri ve sivil mimari örneklerine sahiptir. Bu yapılardan hem kent merkezinde hem de kentin farklı noktalarındaki tarihi yollar üzerinde olduğu tespit edilen çok sayıda han ve kervansaray yapısı mevcuttur. Restore edilerek yeniden işlevlendirilen, kullanım şekli değişen veya harap halde bırakılan yapılar yanında; varlığı bilinen ancak çeşitli nedenlerle günümüze ulaşamayan han ve kervansaray yapıları da vardır. Bu yapıların bazıları hakkında fotoğraf ve çizimler, arşiv belgesi gibi verilere ulaşılabiliyorken bazıları yalnızca harita, çizim üzerinde veya tarihi bir kaynakta isim olarak kalmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında; somut verilere sahip han yapıları ele alınmış, tarihi ve mimari özellikleri açılarından değerlendirilmişlerdir. Eldeki veriler ile mevcut durum değerlendirilmesi yapılarak, kentin, günümüzde bilinenden daha gelişmiş bir ulaşım ağı potansiyeline ve yoğunluğuna sahip olduğunun bilinmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu ulaşım ağının en önemli göstergeleri köprüler yanında konaklama yapılarıdır. Anadolu’da aralıkları yaklaşık 30 km. ye ulaşan mesafelere yerleştirilen hanlar, Bitlis’te bölgenin çetin coğrafi koşulları nedeni ile kentin bazı noktalarında 5-7 km arasındaki aralıklara yerleştirilmişlerdir. Bu durum, kentte, çetin geçen kış koşullarına karşı ulaşımda yaşanması muhtemel aksaklıkların giderilmesine yönelik hanların inşa edildiğini ayrıca; bölgenin zengin bir ulaşım ağı aksına sahip olduğunu gösterir. Gelişmiş bu ulaşım ağı, aynı zamanda sosyal ve ekonomik olarak bölgenin bir güç merkezi olduğunun da kanıtıdır. Eski Tatvan yerleşiminde, Örenlik Köyü yakınlarında, Rahva ve Başhan arasında, Bitlis kenti merkezinde ve Siirt yönü çıkışında varlıkları bilinen bu yapılar günümüzde ayakta olamasalar da, bu yapıların konum ve mimari özelliklerinin bilinmesi, kent tarihi, ekonomisi ve mimarisi okumalarının farklı açılardan değerlendirilmelerine olanak sağlayacaktır.
The city of Bitlis, located on a stunning area, has numerous examples of religious, military and civil architecture dated to different periods. From these structures there are numerous han and kervansaray structures that are found both in the city center and on historic roads at different points of the city. In addition to the structures that are restored and re-functioned, the way of use is changed or destroyed, there are the existence known but not to be reached to the present day for various reasons. Some of these structures can be accessed to data such as photographs and drawings, archive documents, while some remained only as names on maps, drawings or a historic source. In the framework of the study, the housing structures with concrete data have been addressed, historical and architectural characteristics have been assessed. With the available data and the current situation assessment, it is intended to know that the city has the potential and intensity of a more advanced transport network than it is today known. The most important indicators of this transport network are the housing structures next to the bridges. The distance in Anadolu is about 30 km. The houses located at the distances to reach Bitlis are placed in intervals between 5-7 km in some points of the city due to the severe geographical conditions in the region. This situation also shows that the city has a wealthy transport network on the side of the region, which has been built for the removal of possible shortcomings in the transportation against the hard winter conditions. This advanced transport network is also proof that the region is a power center socially and economically. Though these structures known to exist in the ancient Tatvan settlement, near the village of Orenlik, between Rahva and Başhan, in the city center of Bitlis and in the Siirt direction exit are not standing today, the knowledge of the location and architectural characteristics of these structures will allow the city history, economy and architecture readings to be evaluated from different perspectives.
The city of Bitlis, located on a sloping area, has numerous examples of religious, military and civil architecture dating back to different periods. Among these structures, there are many khans and caravanserais structures that are determined to be on historical roads both in the city center and at different points of the city. In addition to the structures that have been restored and re-functionalized, whose usage has changed or which have been left in a dilapidated state; its existence is known but there are also khan and caravanserai structures that have not survived to the present day for various reasons. While data such as photographs, drawings and archival documents can be accessed about some of these structures, some of them have remained only as names on maps, drawings, or in a historical source. Within the scope of the study; khan structures with concrete data were examined and their historical and architectural features were evaluated. It is aimed to make it known that the city has the potential and density of a more developed transport network than is known today by evaluating the current situation with the available data. The most important indicators of this transport network are accommodation structures next to bridges. The khans, which were placed at distances reaching approximately 30 kilometers in Anatolia, were placed at intervals of 5-7 kilometers in some points of the city due to the difficult geographical conditions of the region in Bitlis. This situation shows that khans were built in the city to eliminate possible disruptions in transportation against the harsh winter conditions and that the region has a rich transportation network axis. This developed transport network is also proof that the region is a powerhouse socially and economically. Although these structures, which are known to exist in the old Tatvan settlement, near Orenlik Village, between Rahva and Bashan, in the center of Bitlis city and at the exit of Siirt direction, are not standing today, knowing the location and architectural features of these structures will allow the evaluation of the city's history, economy and architecture from different perspectives.
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