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Mondros Mütarekenamesi Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda siyasal çalkantıların had safhaya çıktığı bir döneme karşılık gelir. Mütareke imzalandıktan sonra İttihat ve Terakki Fırkası kendisini fesh etmiş ve İttihat ve Terakki’nin merkez yöneticileri yurt dışına kaçmışlardı. İttihat ve Terakki’nin son kongresinde kurulan Teceddüt Fırkası ise ülke genelinde İttihatçı karşıtlığının ana çekim noktası olmuştur. Teceddüt Fırkası mütarekenin çok özel koşulları içerisinde kurulmuş bir siyasal örgüt olarak Türk siyasal yaşamında ayrıcalıklı yerini bugüne kadar korumuştur. Fırkanın yaklaşık yedi ay süren siyasal ömrü bir imparatorluğun dağılıp yerine yeni bir ulus devletin kuruluş sancılarıyla geçmiştir. Teceddüt bu süreçte Milli Mücadele’nin hazırlık aşamasına ciddi katkılar koyan ve İttihatçı kimliği üzerinden sürekli eleştirilen bir siyasal örgüt olarak dikkat çeker. Bu fırkanın Anadolu’da örgütlendiği en önemli yerlerden biri ise İzmir olmuştur. İzmir’de İttihat ve Terakki’nin yöneticileri aynı zamanda Teceddüt Fırkası’nın da yöneticileri olarak faaliyet göstermişlerdir. Fırkanın İzmir’de şehrin işgaline karşı örgütlenen mukavemeti desteklediği bilinen bir gerçektir. Ayrıca İzmir Müdafaa-yı Hukuk-ı Osmaniye Cemiyeti’nin düzenlediği büyük İzmir Kongresi’nin toplanmasında başta fırka Katib-i mesulü Mahmut Celal (Bayar) Bey olmak üzere İzmir Teceddüt Fırkası yöneticilerinin büyük payı vardır. Bu makalede Teceddüt Fırkası’nın kuruluşu ve İzmir örgütünün faaliyetleri değerlendirilecektir.
Mondros armistice corresponds to a period of political turmoil in the Ottoman Empire. After the armistice was signed the party of Committee of Union and Progress dissolved itself and the central administrators fled abroad. The Renewal Party, founded at the last congress of Union and Progress, has become the main attraction point of the anti-unionist approach throughout the country. The Renewal Party has preserved its privileged place in Turkish political life as a political organization established under the very special conditions of the armistice. The political life of the party, which lasted about seven months, was replaced by the disintegration of an empire and the establishment of a new nation-state. In this process the Renewal draws attention as a political organization that makes serious contributions to the preperation phase of the national struggle and is constantly criticized over its unionist identity. The most important place where the party was organized in Anatolia was Izmir. The executives of the party of Union and Progress in Izmir also worked as the managers of the Renewal Party. It has been known as a fact that the party has supported the union organized against the occupation of Izmir. In addition, the administrators of the Izmir Renewal Party, especially the clerk Mahmut Celal (Bayar) Mr have a big share in the gathering of the great Izmir congress organized by the Izmir Mudafaa-i Law-i Osmaniye Society. In this article the establishment of the Renewal Party and the activities of the Izmir organization will be evaluated.
Mondros armistice corresponds to a period of political turmoil in the Ottoman Empire. After the armistice was signed the party of Committee of Union and Progress dissolved itself and the central administrators fled abroad. The Renewal Party, founded at the last congress of Union and Progress, has become the main attraction point of the anti-unionist approach throughout the country. The Renewal Party has preserved its privilaged place in Turkish political life as a political organization established under the very special conditions of the armistice. The political life of the party, which lasted about seven months, was replaced by the disintegration of an empire and the establishment of a new nation-state. In this process the Renewal draws attention as a political organization that make serious contributions to the preperation phase of the national struggle and is constantly criticized over its unionist identity. The most important place where the party was organized in Anatolia was Izmir. The executives of the party of Union and Progress in Izmir also worked as the managers of the Renewal Party. It has been known as a fact that the party has supported the union organized against the occupation of Izmir. In addition, the administrators of Izmir Renewal Party, especially the clerk Mahmut Celal (Bayar) Bey have a big share in the gathering of the great Izmir congress organized by the Izmir Müdafaa-yı Hukuk-ı Osmaniye Society. In this article the establishment of the Renewal Party and the activities of the Izmir organization will be evaluated.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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