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Optimum deneyim veya ototelik deneyim olarak da bilinen akış deneyimininin kökeni 1960’larda Maslow’un doruk deneyim çalışmalarına dayanan, 1970’lerde Csikszentmihalyi tarafından geliştirilen ve pozitif psikoloji içinde yer alan bir araştırma alanıdır. Akış deneyimi, bağımlı ve bağımsız değişken olarak uygulamalı araştırmalarda çalışılmış olmasına rağmen; net bir tanımının olmadığı ve Türkçe literatürde tam olarak karşılığını bulamadığı dikkat çekmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu makalede akış deneyimine ilişkin genel bir literatür taraması yapılarak; akış deneyiminin teorik alt yapısına, tanımlarına, araştırma alanlarına, boyutlarına ve modellerine yer verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; “psikolojik/zihinsel/bilişsel durum, herhangi bir faaliyette bulunma, yoğunlaşma, ilgili faaliyetten keyif alma, kendini verme, zorlukla/zorluklarla mücadele, optimal deneyim, motive olmuş hissetme, hedef, ilgili faaliyet için beceri sahibi olma ve geri bildirim”in akış deneyimi tanımlarında, boyutlarında ve modellerinde en sık kullanılan kavraml/ifadeler olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırma alanlarının ise; spor alanında başladığı oyun, sanat, dans ve müzik, eğitim ve çalışma gibi insan yaşamının pek çok yerinde yaşanabildiği dikkat çekmektedir.
The origin of the flow experience, also known as optimal experience or autothetic experience, is a field of research developed by Csikszentmihalyi in the 1970s, based on Maslow's highest experience studies in the 1960s and included in positive psychology. Although the flow experience has been studied in practical research as a dependent and independent variable; it is noted that it has no clear definition and cannot find its exact reward in Turkish literature. Therefore, this article has a general literary scan of the flow experience; the theoretical substructure, definitions, fields of research, dimensions and models of the flow experience. According to the findings obtained, "psychological/mental/cognitive condition, any activity involvement, concentration, enjoyment of the related activity, self-giving, struggle with difficulties, optimal experience, motivated feeling, goal, skill and feedback for the related activity" are the most commonly used concepts in the definitions, dimensions and models of the flow experience. The fields of research, however, draw attention to the fact that many places of human life, such as play, art, dance and music, education and work, can be experienced in the field of sport.
Flow experience, also known as optimum experience or autotelic experience and it is based on Maslow's peak experience in the 1960s, a study of positive psychology developed by Csikszentmihalyi in the 1970s. the field. Although the flow experience for various fields has been studied in applied research as a dependent and independent variable; it attracts attention. That it does not have a clear definition and cannot find its exact value in the Turkish literature. Therefore, in this article, a general literature review on the flow experience is done; theoretical background, definition, research areas, dimensions and models of flow experience. According to the findings of the literature review; psychological / mental / cognitive status, experience, engaging in any activity, intense involvement and concentration, enjoyment of the relevant activity, absorption, challenge with difficulty / difficulties, optimal experience, motivated feeling, goal, skills for related activity, feedback are seen as the most commonly used concepts in flow definitions, dimensions and models. In addition to this, the flow experience research areas began in the sports field. It can be experienced in many places of human life such as play, art, dance and music, education and working.
Alan : Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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