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1960’lı ve 1970’li yıllarda daha kapsamlı eserlerle gelişmiş olan Türk hukuk literatürü, bilhassa Cumhuriyetin ilk yirmi yılında yazılan Türkçe şerhlere ve sistematik eserlere olan ilgiyi deyim yerindeyse yok etmiştir. Oysa 1930’lu yılların ilmi içtihatlarını oluşturan, yer yer eski hukukun izlerini taşıyan kitaplar Cumhuriyeti kuran kuşağın mirası içinde yer alan ve bugün de yararlanılabilecek nitelikte olan eserlerdir. İktibas edilmiş kanunlarımızı Türk ruhuna göre uygulamanın, yorumlamanın ve zamana uygun değişiklerle geliştirmenin yolu o kanunları ilk ödünç aldığımız günde yazılanlardan başlayarak eski hukuk literatürümüzü okuyup hatırlamaktan başlamalıdır. İstanbul Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesinde 1937-1938 ders yılında Ord. Prof. Mustafa Reşit Belgesay’ın kürsüsü tarafından verilen Medenî Usul Hukuku derslerinde bir öğrenci tarafından tutulan not defteri bu konuda güzel bir örnek oluşturmaktadır. Ders notlarının Belgesay’ın aynı dönemde -1086 sayılı Hukuk Usulü Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nun yürürlüğe girmesinden hemen önce ve sonra- yazdığı eserlerle karşılaştırılması ilgi çekici tartışma noktaları ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Örnek olarak ikrar ve kesin hüküm takrirleri bu eserle karşılaştırarak incelendiğinde her iki konuda da bugün ilmî ve kazaî içtihatlara hâkim olan görüşlerimizin bazılarını gözden geçirmemizi düşündürebilecek ayrıntılar göze çarpmaktadır.
The Turkish law literature, which developed in the 1960s and 1970s with more comprehensive works, has destroyed the interest in Turkish charges and systematic works written in the first twenty years of the Republic. However, the books that make up the scientific drinks of the 1930s, which carry the traces of the ancient law, are works that are in the heritage of the generation that founded the Republic and which can be used today. The way of implementing, interpreting and developing our established laws according to the Turkish spirit with time-friendly changes should begin with reading and remembering our ancient law literature, starting with what was written on the day we first borrowed those laws. School of Law at the University of Istanbul in 1937-1938. The Prof. The notebook held by a student in the Civil Procedure Law courses given by Mustafa Reşit Documentary is a good example of this. The comparison of the lesson notes with the works written by the Documentation in the same period - just before and after the Law No. 1086 of Law Procedure Act came into force - reveals interesting points of discussion. For example, when we compare the accusations and accurate judgments with this work, we find the details that we can consider to review some of our opinions, which are judged by the scientific and incidental drinks in both matters today.
The 1920s and 1930s represent a historical period in Turkey in which a rapid transformation in legal concepts and terminology occurred due to the reception of continental European laws. Turkish legal literature, which developed with more comprehensive treatises in the 1960s and 1970s, interrupted the interest on Turkish commentaries, manuals and treatises published in the first twenty years of the Republic. The jurisprudence of the 1930s, partly bearing the traces of Ottoman law belongs to the legacy of the generation which established the Republic, and remains by and large applicable even today. Mustafa Reşit Belgesay is a leading Turkish jurist of late 19th and early 20th century. A student notebook recording Belgesay’s courses on the Law of Civil Procedure in the academic year of 1937-1938 sets an excellent example on this matter. The comparison of Belgesay’s notes and books published in the same period -that is immediately before and after the Code of Civil Procedure numbered 1086 entered into force- reveals interesting discussion issues. For example, while the lectures regarding admission and res judicata are examined by comparing them with the books, there are fascinating details that may make some of the dominant legal opinions in today’s doctrine and judicial precedents in both subjects reconsidered.
Field : Hukuk
Journal Type : Ulusal
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