Özet:

Goal: Gestational diabetes and obesity are among the common metabolic disorders during pregnancy. Leptin is a peptide released to circulation by the main fat tissue cells. Many of the identified effects of leptin on carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance have been, but the data on the relationship between gestational diabetes and diabetes are limited. For this reason, this study aims to evaluate the potential effects on gestational diabetes by comparing body fat percentage, serum insulin and leptin levels in healthy and gestational diabetes. Method: In this study, 49 gestational diabetics and 37 healthy pregnancies were studied between 26 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. The body mass index and the skin curved thickness were measured. The percentage of body fat is calculated by the Siri formula. The serum hunger levels of glucose, insulin and leptin were measured. In the assessment of insulin sensitivity, QUICKI-IS was used, while in the assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-IR were used. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of pregnancy week, age and body mass index (p>0.05). In pregnancy with gestational diabetes, the body fat percentage (p=0.007), serum insulin (p=0.004) and leptin levels (p=0.044) and HOMA-IR (p<0.001) were higher compared to healthy pregnancies, while QUICKI-IS was significantly lower (p<0.001). Correlation analysis found a significant positive correlation between the body fat ratio and serum leptin (p<0.001), insulin (p=0.04) and HOMA-IR (p=0.04) and a significant reverse correlation with QUICKI-IS (p<0.001). The result: the body fat rate increased in pregnancy with gestational diabetes compared to healthy pregnancies is believed to lead to increased levels of leptin and insulin resistance and decreased insulin sensitivity. The calculation of body fat by measuring the thickness of the curved skin seems to be a reliable, cheap and suitable method for pregnancies in daily clinical applications.

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