Kara cümle Osmanlı’da matematik alanında kullanılan biri Türkçe, diğeri Arapça iki kelimeden oluşmuş birleşik bir terimdir. Kara cümle teriminde kara ‘avam, basit’ anlamını taşımaktadır. Cümle ise Arapçada ‘1. cümle, tümce, 2. topluluk, 3. hepsi, tümü, 4. nicelik, kemiyyet’ anlamlarında geçer. Osmanlı’da matematik terimi olarak ‘toplam, toplama, bütün, hepsi’ anlamlarında kullanılır. Bu verilerden hareketle terim, matematikte ‘basit toplama’ anlamına gelmektedir. Terime TDK Sözlükleri başta olmak üzere çeşitli sözlüklerde ‘şaka, şaka yollu, anlamsız yazı’ gibi anlamlar da verilmesi, terimin asıl anlamı dolayısıyla bir tanım karmaşasına yol açmaktadır. Özellikle araştırmalar neticesinde terimin şaka anlamına kaynaklarda rastlanılmaması, toplama anlamı yerine dört işlem anlamının tercih edilmesi gibi sebepler, bu terimin semantik sürecinin takip edilmesini ve bu anlamları meydana getiren şartların görülmesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Kara cümle terimine verilen dikkat çekici bu üç anlamın nasıl oluştuğunun bulunması bu makalenin temel amacıdır. Bu çalışmada kara cümle teriminin Osmanlı Dönemi’nden günümüze kadar edindiği anlamları sosyo-kültürel değişkenlere bağlı olarak bilim dili ve eğitim tarihi açısından kronolojik olarak ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular örneklerle desteklenmiş ve Osmanlıdan başlayarak Cumhuriyet’in ilk dönemini de kapsayacak biçimde bir semantik yol izlenmiştir. Böylece, bu çalışmayla terimin sözlüklerdeki asıl anlamından farklı anlamlarına giden süreci tespit edilip sözlüklerdeki anlamlarına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır.
The black phrase is a combined term used in the field of mathematics in Ottoman, one in Turkish and the other in Arabic, consisting of two words. The black phrase means ‘simple, simple’. The phrase is in Arabic. The phrase, the whole, the second community, the third all, the whole, the fourth quantity, passes in the meaning of the whole. In the Ottoman, the term mathematics is used in the meaning of 'total, aggregate, whole, all'. From these data, the term means "simple collection" in mathematics. The term TDK Dictionary in various dictionaries, primarily, also gives meanings such as 'joice, joking, meaningless writing', leads to a definition complication due to the original meaning of the term. In particular, the research has made it necessary that the term does not find the meaning of a joke in the sources, reasons such as the preference of the meaning of four processes instead of the meaning of the collection, to follow the semantic process of this term and to see the conditions that create these meanings. The main purpose of this article is to find out how these three notable meanings are formed, given to the term black phrase. In this study, the meanings of the term black phrase from the Ottoman Period to the present day have been chronologically addressed in terms of scientific language and education history, depending on socio-cultural variables. The findings obtained were supported by examples and followed a semantic path to cover the first period of the Republic, starting with the Ottoman. Thus, this work aims to identify the process that goes to different meanings from the original meaning of the term in the dictionaries and to contribute to the meanings in the dictionaries.
Qara jumla is an Ottoman arithmetical term formed by one Turkish particle and another, Arabic. In the term examined here, qara has the meaning of popular and/or simple. In Arabic, jumla has several meanings: 1. Phrase; 2. Society; 3. Overall and 4. Quantity. As an Ottoman arithmetical term, it has the sense of sum, addition and completeness. Thence, we can deduce that qara jumla has the meaning of “simple addition”. However, its translation in some major dictionnaries such as the TDKs as “pun, by pun, nonsensical prose” renders complexe the understanding of this term. As a firt constatation one cannot find in ancient sources its meaning around pun or by funny ways etc. Moreover, we cannot trace how from simple addition this term came to signify the four operations. Our aim in this article is to find out how these three definitions came gradually to be attributed to the term. In this article, our aim is to clarify multiple meanings of this term from Old Ottoman to actual Turkish as well to interpret the sense that it took in the History of Sciences andHistory of Education in a chronological manner so as to grasp the socio-cultural variants. The findings were supported with examples and a semantic path was followed starting from the Ottoman Empire and covering the first period of the Republic. By this way, we intend to make a contribution to its different significations in the particular dictionnaires of these fields by pointing out how these different meanings were given to explain this term.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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