Özet:

In the article the negative trends in science and technology that led to the fall of Ukraine in the international rankings are exposed. According to the Global Competitiveness Index, Ukraine takes last place among the EU countries, ahead of only Greece. The article aims to address the challenges of human capital and determine the prerequisites to ensure its competitiveness. The study shows the lowest rate of human capital operational efficiency in Ukraine, which certainly stands as an argument for the potential for increasing productivity, and with it – increasing incomes. However, the economy actually does not posses a system of technology commercialization, which results in extremely low productivity of innovation.The processes of capital formation in the economy are extremely weak due to the fact that business and society as a whole first live mostly present day and think more about the current welfare (consumption) than the long-term prospects. Toward the transition to high-tech basis for economic development that characterized the best conditions of formation and use of human capital, an innovative strategy of «increasing» can be quite efficient which supposes implementing radical innovations in the industrial and social spheres, through the development of its own scientific and technical potential, use of modern information technologies, expanding domestic consumption market of innovative products and services.

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