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“ANAYASAYA HAYIR DEMEK”: 1961 ANAYASA REFERANDUMU VE SAMSUN
2018
Journal:  
Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Vatandaşların muhtelif siyasî ve toplumsal sorunlara dair görüşünü almak için başvurulan referandum, son bir asırlık dönemde dünyada sıkça uygulanan demokratik bir yöntemdir. Genellikle anayasa, sınırlar, kamusal düzenlemeler ve uluslararası birliklere katılım gibi konularda referanduma gidilirken, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde ilk referandum 27 Mayıs 1960 askerî darbesi sonrası hazırlanan anayasaya yönelik olarak 9 Temmuz 1961’de yapılmıştır. Askerî yönetimin hüküm sürdüğü bir ortamda, sıkıyönetim koşullarında yapılan referandumda halk yüzde 62 oranında “evet” derken, “hayır” oyları yüzde 38’de kalmıştır. Referandumda anayasaya çoğunlukla “Hayır” oyu veren illerden biri de Samsun’dur. Propaganda sürecinde siyasilerin, derneklerin ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının desteği ile yoğun bir “evet” kampanyası yürütülmesine rağmen Samsun’da halk yüzde 57 oranında anayasaya “hayır” demiştir. Çalışmada ülkedeki anayasa yapım ve referandum propaganda süreci ile eşzamanlı olarak Samsun’da yaşananlar ve ortaya çıkan hayır sonucunun dinamikleri arşiv belgeleri, süreli yayınlar ve sözlü kaynaklar üzerinden tespit edilmektedir.      

Keywords:

"To say no to the Constitution": 1961 Constitution Referendum and Samsun
2018
Author:  
Abstract:

The referendum, which is called for citizens to get their views on various political and social issues, is a democratic method that has been frequently applied in the world in the last century. While the referendum is often held on topics such as constitution, borders, public regulations and participation in international unions, the first referendum in the Republic of Turkey was held on July 9, 1961 on the basis of the constitution prepared after the military coup of May 27, 1960. In an environment in which the military administration ruled, the referendum in the conditions of strict governance, whereas 62 percent of the people said “yes” and 38 percent said “no”. One of the provinces that mostly voted “no” to the constitution in my referendum is Samsun. Despite the intense “yes” campaign being carried out with the support of politicians, associations and civil society organizations during the propaganda process, 57 percent of people in Samsun said “no” to the constitution. In the study, the process of constitution and referendum propaganda in the country is simultaneously identified by the dynamics of what is happening in Samsun and the outcome of the good result through archive documents, periodic publications and verbal sources.

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Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi

Field :   Güzel Sanatlar; Mimarlık, Planlama ve Tasarım; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Ulusal

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Article : 369
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Karadeniz İncelemeleri Dergisi