Özet:

Lake Van is the largest lake in Turkey with a 3602 km2 area and a maximum depth of 451 m. The lake is 1648 meters high from the sea and has a closed basin of 17,000 km2. Closed basin is associated with Nemrut volcanism. With the drilling works carried out in recent years, the age of the lake has been determined as 600,000 years. After the literature researches about the subject and the study area, field studies were carried out and the photographs were taken with the Drone. ArcGIS 10.3 program was used in the mapping studies of the Engil Delta and its vicinity. The Van Basin, which also hosts the most important remains and records of the history and culture of Urartu Civilization, has a great wealth in geomorphological and geoarchaeological terms. There have been significant changes in the level of Lake Van from the past to the present. These changes had an impact on coastal patterns. The effects of level changes in low coastal areas are more prominent. In this study, the effects of level changes in the lake on the Engil Delta and Dilkaya Mound were investigated. The relationship between the Dilkaya Mound delta development process and the level changes in the lake was investigated while Landsat satellite images of 1986-1998-2016 were also used. The mound, which was founded on the old sediments of the delta, was higher than the lake level, but was constantly affected by the elevations in the lake. The mound has not completely disappeared and today it has taken the appearance of a delta-lake terrace (Low Terrece-Pleistosen Holocene); however, today it has lost half of it with wave erosion. The second terrace in the study area (High terrace-Plio-Quaternary) is the old delta residue formed at a higher level of the lake. According to the present level of the lake, the Engil river forms the actual delta. This delta area is affected by frequent changes in the lake.