Özet:

Diyarbekir and its vicinities entered the Ottoman rule in the period after the Battle of Chaldiran. Diyarbekir became part of the Ottoman administrative organization as a province with the tahrir completed in 1518. The territory of the province comprised almost all of today's Southeastern Anatolia Region and extended present-day Iraq with Mosul Sanjak. The world economy in the pre-industrial era was largely based on agriculture. The situation in Diyarbakir province was not different. More than 80% of the population of the province was living in rural areas and the main source of income for the population was agriculture. The agricultural sector constituted at least 60% of the Diyarbekir economy in the 16th century. The central Amid was the largest city of Diyarbekir Province. Harput, Urfa (Ruha), Mosul, Mardin, Siverek, Berriyecik, Cermik, Ergani, Arabkir, Kiki, Çemişgezek, Sincar, Ane, Deyr, Hasankeyf, Siird and Rahbe, which were part of the province, mentioned as nefs in the first tahrir of Diyarbakir province completed in September 1518. Nefs means the place where city life developed more or less. In the Ottoman literature, the city was defined as "the place where the bazar stands and Friday prayer is performed." Among the cities we have counted, Sanjak and Kazâ centers such as Amid, Harput, Urfa, Mardin, and Mosul had the identity of somewhat large town. The others were places in the position of a large village with the population of a few thousand. In the workshops and workshops in these places, there were activities in various industrial branches, textile. The cotton and silk weaving of Diyarbekir was famous. In our paper, we will discuss the data on agriculture, industry and trade, which constitutes the three important bases of Diyarbakir province and try to present the connections and relations between production and population.

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