Özet:

In this study, the climatic characteristics of Rize were determined using the long-term (1970-2014) observation data of Rize, Pazar, Hopa and Trabzon meteorological stations. In addition, trend analyses were performed through the Mann-Kendall method using the temperature and precipitation data of these stations. These 4 stations where the observation data were obtained are located in the coastal belt in the Eastern Black Sea. Although the distances between the stations are not so long, extreme changes are observed in the climatic factors. Rize has very different properties in terms of climatic characteristics in Turkey and the Eastern Black Sea. Local climatic conditions which are unique to Rize are observed with the orography and exposure effects. In Rize, the long-term annual mean temperature is 14.3°C and the annual mean precipitation is 2254.4 mm. The lowest temperature was measured as 3.4ºC in February and the highest temperature as 26.7ºC in August. The annual mean time of sunny day is around 5-6 hours. The long-term annual mean pressure was measured as 1014 mb in Rize. The predominant wind direction is south-west. This is because of the winds blowing from south towards the coastal belt as well as it to be a region which is open to air flows through the Black Sea. Considering the temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration, the number of foggy and cloudy days seems to be high. This ensures low rate of evaporation. In Rize, where there is no water lacking, soil is always humid and vegetation is very bushy and green. Considering these characteristics, it is seen that perhumid and moderate climate conditions are experienced in Rize. According to the Mann-Kendall and Sen analysis results, significant tendencies to increase are seen in the temperature ratings in the stations except for Pazar and in the amounts of precipitation in the stations except for Hopa. According to the trend analyses, Rize shows a more stable characteristic compared with the other stations.

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