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Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normal Tablo"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Özet Türk edebiyatında kadınlık, modernleşmeye ilişkin kaygıların ve beklentilerin ortaya döküldüğü bir öz sorgulamanın en önemli bileşenidir. Gerek kadınlık gerekse kadın özgürlüğü üzerine söylenenler ülkedeki sosyopolitik karmaşalardan yalıtılmış bir polemik konusu olarak karşımıza çıkmaz; her iki mesele de dönemin egemen ideolojileri tarafından biçimlendirilir ve politikanın farklı sorunlarıyla yoğrulur. Bu konuların ele alınışında erkek yazarların edebiyat dünyasındaki egemenliği nedeniyle fallosentrik (erkek merkezli) bir dil belirginleşir. Zamanla kadınlığa ilişkin motifler değişse de, fallosentrik dilin kurulmasına temel oluşturan süreçlerdeki devamlılık metinler arasında incelenmesi gereken bir süreklilik yaratmaktadır. Bu yazının amacı, Osmanlı-Türk romanının kanonik (yetkin kabul edilen) metinlerinden hareketle Çağdaş Türk Edebiyatı'ndan örneklere doğru ilerleyerek sözü edilen fallosentrik dile yakından bakmak ve yazarların kadınlık kavramına ve kadın özgürlüğü meselesine yaklaşımlarını ele almaktır. Bu amaçla, alafrangalık eleştirisinin belirgin olduğu Tanzimat romanlarından Felatun Bey ile Rakım Efendi (1875), nbsp; İntibah (1876) ile alafrangalığın bir ölçüde toplum tarafından kabul gördüğü dönemlere ait olan Araba Sevdası (1896) ve Aşk-ı Memnu 'nun (1900) ardından Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nu Cumhuriyet Türkiyesine bağlayan süreçte yayımlanan Seviyye Talip (1910) ve Kiralık Konak (1922) ile çağdaş Türk Edebiyatı'nın önemli yapıtlarından Fatih-Harbiye (1931), Huzur (1949), Tutunamayanlar (1972), Ölmeye Yatmak (1975) gibi romanlar da ele alınacaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Roman, kadın, modernleşme, Tanzimat edebiyatı, Osmanlı, Cumhuriyet edebiyatı WOMANHOOD FROM OTTOMAN-TURKISH NOVEL TO CONTEMPORARY TURKISH NOVEL:nbsp;CHANGE AND TRANSFORMATION Abstract Womanhood in Turkish literature is the key component of a self-questioning which reveals anxieties and expectations about modernization. Opinions on womanhood and freedom of women do not manifest themselves as polemics isolated from socio-politic turmoils in the country. Both issues are shaped and influenced by the dominant ideologies of the time and different problems of politics. Since men constitute the majority in literary circles, the way this component is handled crystallizes fallocentric discourses. Although the motifs related to womanhood change in time, the basis for the the formation of fallocentric discourses stands and this creates a continuity in texts of different periods, which needs to be examined. The aim of this article is to explore the fallocentric discourses and elaborate on writers' approach to the concepts of womanhood and women's emancipation, setting out from canonical texts of Ottoman-Turkish novel and moving toward contemporary examples of Turkish literature. The analyses of Felatun Bey ile Rakım Efendi (1875) and İntibacirc;h (1876), novels highly critical of the imitation of the European ways, and Araba Sevdası (1896) and Aşk-ı Memnu (1900), novels in which imitation of European ways were somewhat accepted by the public, will be followed by readings of Seviyye Talip (1910) and Kiralık Konak (1922), which were both published during the transition from Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey, and Fatih-Harbiye (1931), Huzur (1949), Tutunamayanlar (1972) and Ölmeye Yatmak (1975), some key novels of contemporary Turkish literature. Keywords: Novel, woman, modernization, Literature of the Reform Period, Ottoman, Literature of the Republican Period. Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* style definitions */ Table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name: “Normal Table” mso-tstyle-rowband-size: 0; Mso-tstyle-colband-size: 0 by mso-style-noshow: yes; Mso-style-priority is 99; Mso-style-qformat: yes Mso-style-parent: “; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; The margin is 0cm. The margin of the bottom. by 0001pt; Mso-pagination: the widow-orphan The font size is 11.0pt. font-family:"Calibri" and "sans-serif" mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman" mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri Mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman" Mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} In Turkish literature, femininity is the most important component of a self-interrogation in which concerns and expectations about modernization arise. What is said about women’s freedom is not a controversial topic isolated from the socio-political complexities in the country; both issues are shaped by the dominant ideologies of the time and joined with the different issues of politics. In addressing these topics, a falosentric (man-centric) language becomes evident due to the dominance of male writers in the literary world. Though the motives for femininity change over time, continuity in the processes that are the basis for the establishment of the falosentric language creates a continuity that must be studied among the texts. The purpose of this article is to take a close look at the falosentric language mentioned by moving from the canonical (acceptable) texts of the Ottoman-Turkish novel to the examples of Contemporary Turkish Literature and to discuss the writers’ approach to the concept of femininity and the issue of femininity. For this purpose, from the Tanzimat novels in which the criticism of alphraggy is clear, Felatun Mr. and Rakım Efendi (1875), Intibah (1876) and alphraggy belong to the periods in which it is largely accepted by society, Car Love (1896) and Love-i Memnu (1900) after the process of linking the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey, Seviyye Talip (1910) and Kiralık Konak (1922) and the important works of contemporary Turkish Literature, Fatih-Harbiye (1931), Peace (1949), The Untouched (1972), To Die Yatmak (1975) will also be discussed. WOMANHOOD FROM OTTOMAN-TURKISH NOVEL TO CONTEMPORARY TURKISH NOVEL: CHANGE AND TRANSFORMATION Abstract Womanhood in Turkish literature is the key component of a self-questioning which reveals anxieties and expectations about modernization. Opinions on womenhood and freedom of women do not manifest themselves as polemics isolated from socio-political turmoils in the country. Both issues are shaped and influenced by the dominant ideologies of the time and different problems of politics. Since men constitute the majority in literary circles, the way this component is handled crystallizes fallocentric discourses. Although the motives related to womanhood change in time, the basis for the formation of fallocentric discourses stands and this creates a continuity in texts of different periods, which needs to be examined. The aim of this article is to explore the fallocentric discourses and elaborate on writers' approach to the concepts of womanhood and women's emancipation, setting out from canonical texts of Ottoman-Turkish novel and moving toward contemporary examples of Turkish literature. The analyses of Felatun Mr. and Rakim Efendi (1875) and Intibâh (1876), novels highly critical of the imitation of the European ways, and Car Love (1896) and Love-i Memnu (1900), novels in which imitation of European ways were somewhat accepted by the public, will be followed by readings of Seviyye Talip (1910) and Kiralık Konak (1922), which were both published during the transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey, and Fatih-Harbiye (1931), Peace (1949), Untouched (1972) and Sleeping to Die (1975), some key novels of contemporary Turkish literature. Keywords: Novel, woman, modernization, Literature of the Reform Period, Ottoman, Literature of the Republican Period. Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
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